Database : AIM Search on : JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, M [Journal] References found : 17 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 17   in format [Detailed]

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Record No. 13726 Record ID 013726 Publication type Journal Article Title Diabetes Guidelines and Clinical Practice: is there a Gap? The South African Cohort of the International Diabetes Management Practices Study Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Amod, Aslam; Riback, Wayne; Schoeman, H. S. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 1110-5704 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2012 Volume and n° 17(2) Pages 85-90 Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Management; Glycemic Index; Health Care Sector Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Objectives: The objective of this survey was to determine the therapeutic management of patients with diabetes in the South African private healthcare environment. Design: The International Diabetes Management Practices Study is an international multicentre and observational study. In this paper, the local South African data from the cross-sectional cohort study are discussed. Setting: South African healthcare providers who were involved in the management of patients with diabetes. Subjects: Subjects included male and female adult patients who were diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus and who consulted their healthcare provider during a specified period of two weeks. Outcome measures: Information on patient demographic and socio-economic profiles, relevant medical histories, data on previous and concomitant antidiabetic treatments, glycaemic status, patient education levels and the impact of diabetes on absenteeism and hospitalisation was collected. Results: A total of 899 patients from 54 healthcare centres in South Africa participated. The mean age of patients in the study was 53.35 ± 14.47 years. The duration of diabetes was longer in type 1 diabetic patients. Of the type 2 diabetic patients, 46.4were on oral antidiabetic monotherapy and 44.1 on two oral medications. Metformin was the most commonly prescribed oral medication. Of the 242 patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin and oral combination, 175 were on one oral medication combined with insulin therapy. The mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of study participants was 8.2Conclusion: These data demonstrate that in accordance with current global findings, the glycaemic control of the majority of a cohort of patients with diabetes managed in the private healthcare sector in South Africa was suboptimal when assessed according to HbA1c levels.

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Record No. 13725 Record ID 013725 Publication type Journal Article Title Cut-Off Values of Distal Forearm Bone Density for the Diagnosis of Central Osteoporosis in Black Postmenopausal South African Women Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kruger, Iolanthé Marike; Kruger, Annamarie; Kruger, Marlena Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 1110-5704 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2012 Volume and n° 17(2) Pages 78-83, tab. Language English Descriptor Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Bone Density; Spine; African Continental Ancestry Group; Women Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Objectives: The objective of this survey was to determine the therapeutic management of patients with diabetes in the South African private healthcare environment. Design: The International Diabetes Management Practices Study is an international multicentre and observational study. In this paper, the local South African data from the cross-sectional cohort study are discussed. Setting: South African healthcare providers who were involved in the management of patients with diabetes. Subjects: Subjects included male and female adult patients who were diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus and who consulted their healthcare provider during a specified period of two weeks. Outcome measures: Information on patient demographic and socio-economic profiles, relevant medical histories, data on previous and concomitant antidiabetic treatments, glycaemic status, patient education levels and the impact of diabetes on absenteeism and hospitalisation was collected. Results: A total of 899 patients from 54 healthcare centres in South Africa participated. The mean age of patients in the study was 53.35 ± 14.47 years. The duration of diabetes was longer in type 1 diabetic patients. Of the type 2 diabetic patients, 46.4 were on oral antidiabetic monotherapy and 44.1on two oral medications. Metformin was the most commonly prescribed oral medication. Of the 242 patients with type 2 diabetes on insulin and oral combination, 175 were on one oral medication combined with insulin therapy. The mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of study participants was 8.2. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that in accordance with current global findings, the glycaemic control of the majority of a cohort of patients with diabetes managed in the private healthcare sector in South Africa was suboptimal when assessed according to HbA1c levels. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11081 Record ID 011081 Publication type Journal Article Title Insulin Resistance Induced by Antiretroviral Drugs: Current Understanding of Molecular Mechanisms Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ismail, W. I. W.; King, J. A.; Pillay, T. S. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(3) Pages 129-132, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Insulin Resistance; Anti-Retroviral Agents; HIV Protease Inhibitors Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract The increase in incidence of HIV infection continues to be a major public health problem across the world, but more especially in sub- Saharan Africa. Treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the prognosis of patients with AIDS, but it has also increased the incidence of various metabolic disorders, in particular insulin resistance accompanied by dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and lipodystrophy. This is often accompanied by frank type 2 diabetes and increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. It is important to understand the mechanistic basis for these side-effects as the incidence of these is likely to increase as the rollout of antiretroviral drugs continues.

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Record No. 11080 Record ID 011080 Publication type Journal Article Title Serum Resistin Levels in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and their Relationship to Severity of Liver Disease Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Murad, A.; Hassan, H.; Husien, H.; Ayad, A. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 15(1) Pages 53-56, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Resistin; Liver Diseases; Alcoholics; Insulin Resistance Abstract Background: Resistin is a hormone that is linked to the development of insulin resistance (IR), but information on the direct relationship of resistin levels in humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and their effect on the histological severity of NAFLD, is lacking. Objective: The aim of the current study is to determine the circulating resistin levels obtained from patients with NAFLD and to correlate them with insulin resistance and hepatic histological features. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 30 consecutive patients with liver-biopsy-proven NAFLD and 30 subjects as controls. Serum resistin levels were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated for all subjects, and serum insulin, C-peptide, and lipoprotein levels were also measured. Results: Mean serum resistin level and BMI in the NAFLD group were significantly higher than in the controls (both P 0.001). Both men and women in the NAFLD group had higher mean serum resistin levels than did the men and women in the control group (all P 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the percentage of hepatic steatosis, sex, BMI, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA(IR)] were related to serum resistin levels. Conclusion: These data suggest increased resistin levels in NAFLD patients which are related to histological severity of the disease. These findings support the link between resistin, insulin resistance and BMI in these patients.

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Record No. 11079 Record ID 011079 Publication type Journal Article Title The Role of Hormone Therapy in the Treatment of Osteoporosis Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Davey, M. R. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 15(1) Pages 49-51 Language English Descriptor Menopause; Osteoporosis; Estrogen Replacement Therapy Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract The use of Menopausal Hormone Therapy (HT) to prevent bone loss has long been considered as one of the major indications for its use. Following the publication of the Women's Health Initiative study in 20031 the role of HT for the prevention of chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease has been questioned with the majority of the guidelines emanating from menopause societies recommending that the primary role of HT, be it estrogen only (E) or estrogen with progestin (E/P), is the alleviation of the symptoms of early menopause and that it should be used in the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. In the years since the publication of the WHI results there have been publications from sub-studies and re-analyses of WHI as well as publications on the use of different products and different modes of delivery of estrogen and progestin. The current status of HT therefore needs to be re-evaluated in the light of these more recent publications.

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Record No. 11078 Record ID 011078 Publication type Journal Article Title Behaviour Change and Motivational Interviewing in the Patient with Diabetes Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Young, M. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 15(1) Pages 45-47, fig. Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus; Health Behavior; Motivation Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Motivational Interviewing (MI) is designed to motivate people to change by helping them to recognise and resolve the difference between a behaviour problem and personal goals and values. There are several challenges of health behaviour change in MI, as well as traps that the health care provider and patient can easily fall into. During the MI approach, a patient should be guided through the change model, providing him the chance to participate. There are several general principles in the MI approach as well as different interaction techniques. The efficacy of MI has been widely published in the literature.

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Record No. 11077 Record ID 011077 Publication type Journal Article Title Hypertriglyceridaemia: Aetiology, Complications and Management Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Dirk Blom Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 15(1) Pages 11-17, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Hypertriglyceridemia; Triglycerides; Lipoprotein Lipase; Disease Management Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract The bulk of plasma triglycerides are carried by chylomicrons in the fed and very low-density lipoproteins in the fasted state. These triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are metabolised to remnant lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Hypertriglyceridaemia results if triglyceride-rich lipoproteins accumulate either due to defective clearance, overproduction or a combination of both mechanisms. Genetic and environmental factors interact in the genesis of hypertriglyceridaemia but occasionally a single factor may be dominant. At a molecular level the most common cause of severe primary hypertriglyceridaemia is loss of function mutations in both alleles of LPL. The most common environmental contributors include diabetes, diet, alcohol and medications (including oestrogen, steroids, retinoids and protease inhibitors). Severe hypertriglyceridaemia can trigger acute pancreatitis while mild to moderate hypertriglyceridaemia is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Treatment strategies are determined by the severity and aetiology of hypertriglyceridaemia as well as the patient's cardiovascular risk profile. General strategies include lifestyle modifications with restriction of dietary fat intake, cessation of alcohol intake and increased exercise. Contributing metabolic disorders should be controlled and aggravating medications withdrawn or reduced where possible. Moderate hypertriglyceridaemia may be treated with high doses of omega-3 fatty acids (4 g/day), fibrates, niacin or statins. Fibrates are the agents of choice in severe hypertriglyceridaemia.

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Record No. 10544 Record ID 010544 Publication type Journal Article Title The Role of Increased Gastrointestinal Alcohol Production in Patients with the Metabolic Syndrome: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Menezes, C. N.; Raal, F.; Immelman, A. Author(s) Affiliation Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 13(2) Pages 48-56 Language English Descriptor Metabolic Syndrome X; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a term used to describe alcohol-like liver injury in the absence of alcohol abuse.1 It is being increasingly recognised worldwide as one of the commonest causes of chronic liver disease that may progress to end-stage liver disease.

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Record No. 10543 Record ID 010543 Publication type Journal Article Title The Mechanism of Action of the Oral Anti-Diabetic Drugs: a Review of Recent Literature Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Bosenberg, L. H.; Gerhadus van Zyl, D. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 13(3) Pages 80-88 Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Hypoglycemic Agents-administration & dosage; Hypoglycemic Agents-pharmacokinetics; Hypoglycemic Agents-pharmacology; Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder that is placing an increasing burden on health service delivery worldwide. Consequently, it has become increasingly important that physicians who treat such patients have a good knowledge of antidiabetic drugs that are currently available or will come onto the market. This article presents an overview of all the major drug classes as well as some information on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, side-effect profiles and indications for use.

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Record No. 10542 Record ID 010542 Publication type Journal Article Title Knowledge of Foot Care in People with Diabetes in a Tertiary Care Setting Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Rheeder, P.; Venn, M.; Korte de , E.; Zyl, van D. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 13(3) Pages 105-108 Language English Descriptor Diabetes Complications; Foot Diseases; Patient Care Abstract Background. The objective of this study was to investigate levels of foot care knowledge among patients attending the diabetes clinic at Pretoria Academic Hospital by comparing the knowledge of patients with `at risk' feet (ARF) to those with `normal/not at risk' feet (NARF) and so assess whether the education effort by the clinic is effective. Methods. Patients attending the clinic completed an interviewer-assisted questionnaire with 11 questions concerning foot care knowledge. A knowledge score for each patient was calculated. Results. Possible scores ranged from 4 to 11 (maximum 11). The mean score for the ARF group was 8.9 (standard deviation (SD) 1.4) (range 4 - 11) compared with 8.9 (SD 1.4) for the NARF group (range 5 - 11) (p0.05). The most substantial difference between the two groups was that the ARF group gave 20more correct answers than the NARF group with regard to frequency of foot inspection (daily) (p=0.025). Conclusions. Both groups of patients had a reasonable knowledge regarding foot care. The patients at risk were more aware of the need for daily foot inspection.

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Record No. 10541 Record ID 010541 Publication type Journal Article Title New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus after Renal Transplantation Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Harrichund, P.; Naicker, S.; Raal, F. J.; Becker, P. J. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 13(3) Pages 98-104 Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus; Kidney Transplantation Descriptor-Geographic South Africa

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Record No. 10540 Record ID 010540 Publication type Journal Article Title Survey on Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Diabetic Inpatient Management by Medical and Nursing Staff at Kalafong Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Zyl van, D. G.; Rheeder, P. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 13(3) Pages 90-97 Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus; Disease Management; Inpatient; Attitude of Health Personnel; Knowledge Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate perceptions regarding current practices in the care of diabetic inpatients as well as the knowledge and attitudes of nursing and medical caregivers at a large secondary hospital. Design and methods. Doctors and nurses taking care of diabetic inpatients were surveyed to assess their knowledge of diabetes inpatient management and their attitudes towards diabetic patients. The survey made use of the diabetes knowledge questionnaire (O'Brien) and the DAS3 scale. results. The survey group comprised 115 health care providers, of whom 54 were doctors and 61 were nurses. The response rate was 82. The doctors achieved a mean score of 68.3(standard deviation (SD) 11.5) and the nurses 53.9(SD 16.3) for the diabetes knowledge questionnaire. The DAS3 questionnaire indicated that 80.9of health care personnel strongly agree that special training for managing diabetic patients is necessary, 90.5agree or strongly agree that type 2 diabetes is a serious condition, 92.2agree or strongly agree that tight glycaemic control is valuable, 85.2agree or strongly agree that diabetes has a significant psychosocial impact on patients, and 88.7agree or strongly agree that patients should have autonomy regarding their treatment. conclusions. Health care workers (doctors and nurses) in a large secondary hospital have average to poor knowledge about the care of diabetic inpatients. The DAS3 questionnaire, however, indicates that health care workers have a good attitude towards diabetic patients and realise that special training is necessary.

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Record No. 10539 Record ID 010539 Publication type Journal Article Title Sub-Optimal Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Local Audit Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Klisiewicz, A. M.; Raal, F. J. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 14(1) Pages 13-16, Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Management; Clinical Audit Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Background: Despite increased awareness of risk factors for coronary artery disease and randomized trial data supporting comprehensive diabetic care, these risk factors continue to be largely ignored in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: Cross-sectional study to determine the level of control in patients with type 2 diabetes in tertiary diabetes clinics. Methods: Patient demographic, diabetes and cardiovascular disease related (CVD) data was collected from 150 (F:M; 98:52) randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the diabetes clinics at the three academic teaching hospitals served by the University of the Witwatersrand. Blood pressure, height, weight, body mass index and waist circumference were measured. Glycated haemoglobin and fasting serum lipid levels were obtained from patient records. Black patients contributed 68, White 12, 7, Indian 10, 7and Coloured 8, 7. Results: Mean HbA1c for the whole cohort was 8, 7. Obesity was present in 37, 3, hypercholesterolaemia in 29, 3and hypertriglyceridaemia in 45, 3. Waist circumference was = 80 cm in 98of the females and = 94 cm in 69of the males. 127 patients out of 150 (85) were hypertensive and 74of these had a systolic blood pressure = 130 mmHg and 84a diastolic blood pressure = 80 mmHg. 43of the patients did minimal exercise, 6smoked and only 51were on aspirin. Conclusion: Comprehensive diabetic care is still largely lacking despite clinical trial data documenting improved outcomes associated not only with glycaemic control but also with use of antihypertensive, lipid lowering and anti-platelet therapy.

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Record No. 10538 Record ID 010538 Publication type Journal Article Title Hypercholesterolaemia in Children and Young Adults - Current Management Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Raal, F. J. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Place of Publication Gauteng Publisher Medpharm (Pty) Publications Ltd Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 14(1) Pages 9-12 Language English Descriptor Hypercholesterolemia; Atherosclerosis; Disease Management; Diabetic Diet; Child Descriptor-Geographic South Africa Abstract Atherosclerosis begins in childhood. Not uncommonly, the first presentation of atherosclerosis is sudden cardiac death. It therefore makes sense that risk-factor modification to prevent the development or delay the onset of atherosclerosis needs to begin early in life. Dietary intervention is the key component for the primary prevention of hyperlipidae- mia. However, if diet and lifestyle fail to correct hyperlipidaemia, drug therapy may have to be considered. All children and adolescents with high-risk lipid disorders such as familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), those with diabetes mellitus or other cardiovascular disease risk factors or with a family history of premature coronary artery disease should be considered for lipid-lowering therapy if diet and lifestyle intervention are ineffective. There are now numerous studies that have documented the safety and efficacy of statin therapy in both children and young adults. Based on these studies, it is now recommended that statin therapy be initiated in all male FH children from the age of ten years and at the onset of menses in females with FH. The initiation of statin therapy could be considered even earlier in FH children at high risk.

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Record No. 3430 Record ID 003430 Publication type Journal Article Title Demographics and presenting clinical features of childhood systemic lupus erythematosus Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Faller, G.; Kala, U.; Thomson, P. et al. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Date of publication 2004 Volume and n° 10(2) Pages 64-68 Language English Descriptor Lupus Erythematosus,Systemic; Child Abstract Objectives: To review the presentation and characteristics of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: The records of children with sufficient American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE treated by the renal units of the Johannesburg and Chris Hani Baragwanath hospitals, and the arthritis clinic of the Johannesburg Hospital between January 1974 and March 2000 were reviewed. The clinical presentation, age distribution and race were examined. Results: A total of 36 children met the criteria. There were 26 girls and 10 boys, with a mean age of 11.5 and 10.2 years, respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1:2.6 overall, with a ratio of 1:1.2 under 10 years and 1:4 over 10 years. There were 15 white, two Indian and five coloured patients. The 14 black patients all presented after 1986. Rashes were found to be the commonest clinical feature present at the time of diagnosis, followed by polyarthritis and renal pathology. Constitutional symptoms were common, as were generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, while neurological, pulmonary and cardiac signs and symptoms were less common. Renal disease was present in 58 of patients on presentation. Conclusion: There is a diverse array of presenting features in childhood SLE. There has been increased recognition of the disease in young black South Africans since 1986.

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Record No. 3429 Record ID 003429 Publication type Journal Article Title Megaloblastic anaemia, diabetes and deafness in a 2-year-old child Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Davidson, A.; Hartley, P.; Berman, P. et al. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Date of publication 2005 Volume and n° 10(2) Pages 62-63 Language English Descriptor Anemia; Childhood; Vitamin B 12 Abstract Megaloblastic anaemia in childhood usually occurs as a result of dietary folate deficiency or, rarely, congenital disorders of vitamin B12 metabolism. We present a 2-year-old girl with megaloblastic anaemia and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, both of which proved responsive to pharmacological doses of thiamine. She was also found to have sensorineural hearing loss. Also known as Rogers' syndrome, thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia is the result of inactivating mutations in a gene encoding a thiamine transporter. A clinical diagnosis is supported by characteristic bone marrow findings and can be confirmed by demonstrating apoptosis in skin fibroblasts cultured in thiamine-depleted medium. Where available, DNA sequencing is definitive. There is rapid reticulocytosis after thiamine administration. We recommend a trial of therapy for megaloblastic anaemia not responding to folate and vitamin B12, especially in a deaf and/or diabetic child.

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Record No. 3428 Record ID 003428 Publication type Journal Article Title Health risks associated with obesity Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Tariq Ali, A.; John Crowther, N. Journal Title Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa ISSN 003-8-2469 Date of publication 2005 Volume and n° 10(2) Pages 56-61 Language English Descriptor Obesity-Risk; Health Status Indicators Abstract The association of obesity with a number of pathological disorders, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, gallstones, respiratory system diseases and sleep apnoea, is discussed. Also, the different factors that determine the degree of impairment in obesity are discussed; these include the amount of body fat, distribution of fat and presence of other risk factors. Brief discussions on the prevalence of obesity in South Africa and the effects of obesity on reproductive function are also presented.

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