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Record No. 12926 Record ID 012926 Publication type Journal Article Title Preferred Choice of Health Facilities for Healthcare among Adult Residents in Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Olugbemiga, L. A.; Bamidele, J. O.; Olugbenga-Bello, A. I.; Parakoyi, D. B. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 3(3) Pages 79-86, tab. Language English Descriptor Health Facilities; Hospitals, Public; Hospitals, Private; Adult Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria-Kwara; Abstract Purpose: The choice of health facilities for healthcare by an individual is largely determined by several factors. This study aims to determine predictors of preferred choice of health facility for care. Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, pre-tested semi-structure questionnaire was administered to 366 adults selected through a multi-stage sampling technique in Ilorin metropolis. Data collected were analysed using Epi Info software version 3.4.1 and level of significance set at p 0.05. Results: The preferred health facility for medical care was private hospitals (35.2) followed by pharmaceutical store (27.9) and 17.0for general/teaching hospitals and only 12.3for primary health care (PHC). Quick service and availability of drugs were the major reasons for their preference which were said to be better in private hospitals. Sex, marital status, educational status, occupation and city area where the respondents dwell are all associated with the preferred choice of health facility for care. Conclusion: This study has shown that the private sector is preferred to the public ones with regards to receiving healthcare and that within the public sector, the higher levels of health facilities are preferred to the primary health care centres. Improving the image and performance of the public health facilities especially the PHC is very important for appropriate utilization of health services Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 12925 Record ID 012925 Publication type Journal Article Title Maternal BMI During Pregnancy: Effect On Trace Elements Status and Pregnancy Outcomes Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ugwuja, E. I.; Akubugwo, E. I.; Onyechi, O.; Ibiam, A. U. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 3(2) Pages 71-78, tab. Language English Descriptor Body Mass Index; Pregnancy Outcome; Risk Factors Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria-Abakaliki; Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of maternal prenatal body mass index (BMI) on trace elements (copper, iron and zinc) status, haematological parameters and pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women in Abakaliki, south-eastern Nigeria. Methods: Plasma levels of copper, iron and zinc of 349 pregnant women (gestational age _ 25 weeks; mean = 21.77±3.14 wks; aged = 15-45 years, mean = 27.04±4.75 yr) were analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer while haematological and biochemical parameters were determined using standard laboratory techniques. Results: Four women (1.1) were underweight, 40.7had normal BMI, 35.5were overweight, 17.2were obese and 5.4were morbidly obese. Maternal BMI was significantly positively related to age, parity and socioeconomic status. While a negative relationship was found between plasma copper and maternal BMI, significantly (p 0.05) lower zinc levels were found in underweight and obese women when compared to women with normal BMI. Maternal anaemia was significantly lower in overweight/obese women. Also maternal BMI was related to one adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion: Both high and low prenatal BMI are associated with alterations in trace element status, haemoglobin concentrations and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the face of concurrent deficiencies of micronutrient in this population, as in most developing countries, it appears that maintenance of appropriate weight and food diversification/fortification during pregnancy would be alternative ways of mitigating the consequences associated abnormal prenatal weight. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 12924 Record ID 012924 Publication type Journal Article Title Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus among Registered Nurses in Benin City Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Odili, V. U.; Eke, I. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 3(3) Pages 145-151, tab. Language English Descriptor Diabetes Mellitus; Nurses; Health Education; Knowledge Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria-Benin City; Abstract Purpose: To determine the level of diabetes knowledge and knowledge gaps among registered nurses. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study among four major hospitals located in Benin City. Levels of knowledge were assessed using the 23-item University of Michigan diabetes Research and Training Centre Knowledge Test questionnaire. Demographic characteristics of the respondents were also outlined. Association and differences between nurses' knowledge scores and relevant demographic variables were carried out using Pearson correlation and Student t-tests as appropriate. Results: The 191 nurses who participated in the study had an average score of 61.9 14.24 on a 100 point scale. No nurse was able to correctly answer all questions. Nurses were able to recognise long term complications of diabetes with 86.9, 86.4of the respondents answering correctly questions on symptoms of numbness and tingling, cause of high blood glucose, and problems associated with diabetes respectively. Although, nurses knew that diet plays a great role in management of diabetes mellitus, they were not aware of the effect of "unsweetened" fruit juice on blood glucose (15.2), a free food for a diabetic (20.9), and the identification of a proper diabetes diet (42.9). There was a statistical difference in the knowledge scores of nurses that had a family history of diabetes and those that did not (P 0.05).Conclusion: The knowledge of the nurses sampled as regards diabetes mellitus was less than satisfactory; areas of knowledge deficits include diet and signs of acute complications of diabetes aswell as proper foot care. We suggest regular appraisal of nurses' knowledge requirement followed by educational training tailored to improve nurses' level of knowledge. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 12923 Record ID 012923 Publication type Journal Article Title Quantitative Reference Ranges for Fasting Profiles and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test for Healthy Adults in Metropolitan Region of Nairobi, Kenya Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Waithaka, S. K.; Njagi, E. N. M.; Ngeranwa, J. J. N.; Mwangi, D. M.; Chiuri, B. M.; Njagi, L. J.; Gatua, W. K. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 3(1) Pages 13-19, tab. Language English Descriptor Reference Values; Fasting; Glucose Tolerance Test; Adult Descriptor-Geographic Kenya-Nairobi; Abstract Purpose:To establish quantitative reference ranges for fasting profiles and oral glucose tolerance test for healthy adults in metropolitan region of Nairobi. Methods: A prospective study carried out on 871 healthy subjects from the metropolitan region of Kenya. Results: The fasting profile parameters investigated were fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC) triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) and TC/HDLC ratio. In addition, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also investigated. Eight hundred and seventy one (871) healthy study subjects were involved in the study. Established reference ranges were as follows: FBG (venous whole blood) (2.1 - 5.7) mmol/L, TC (2.9 - 6.4) mmol/L, TG (0.44- 2.44), HDL C (1.1 - 2.1) mmol/L, LDLC (1.1 - 4.3) mmol/L, TC/HDLC ratio (1.1 - 5.4). Established reference ranges for oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were as follows: baseline/fasting blood glucose capillary whole blood (3.2-5.4) mmol/L, half hour (4.7-8.9) mmol/L, one hour (4.4-9.8) mmol/L, one hour and half (4-8.1) mmol/L and two hours (3.4-7.2) mmol/L. Results for gender differences for the studied parameters were as follows: FBG (p=0.124), TC (p=0.205), TG (p=0.705) HDLC (p= 0.52), LDLC (p=0.417) and TC/HDLC ratio (p=0.359). On the other hand, the gender results for timed OGTT were as follows: 0 hour (p=0.123), half hour (p=0.479), one hour (p=0.412), one hour and half (p=0.596)) and two hours (p=0.630). Hence there were no gender disparities for the parameters in the studied adult Kenyan population. Conclusion: Since the established reference ranges are a reflection of the Kenyan adult population our clinical chemistry laboratory reports interpretations will henceforth be independent of what has been quoted in literature. Likewise effective diagnosis and management of glucose and lipids pathological disorders will be achieved by the use of established adult Kenyan reference ranges. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10550 Record ID 010550 Publication type Journal Article Title Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure Pattern of Students in a Nigerian University Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Oghagbon, K. E.; Odili, V. U.; Nwangwa, E. K.; Pender, K. E. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 177-182 Language English Descriptor Body Mass Index; Blood Pressure; Obesity; Malnutrition; Students Abstract Purpose: Reports in Nigeria and other developing countries have indicated a rise in the prevalence of obesity among adults. In identifying at what age in our environment obesity starts becoming a problem, we measured the burden of overweight and obesity among young adults. Methods: Four hundred and sixty four undergraduate students, who were undergoing medical examination as part of admission process, were recruited. Their weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The prevalence of obesity, overweight and under-nutrition among these students were determined according to international guidelines. Results: The prevalence of obesity (3.4) and undernutrition (3.1) among the students, were similar. Female students had higher prevalence of obesity (4.02) and under-nutrition (3.1) than the males. Overweight was found to be commoner in male subjects (26.78) than in females (20.98). The prevalence of hypertension was 3.4in the study population and was commoner in males (5.9) than in females (0.89). Mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in males than females (p 0.05). Conclusion: Obesity and under-nutrition are prevalent among the fresh undergraduate students. As part of the orientation programme for fresh undergraduate students in Nigerian Universities, nutrition education should be carried out. The need to always conduct blood pressure monitoring for all University students is also recommended. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10549 Record ID 010549 Publication type Journal Article Title Prevalence and Awareness about Chlamydial Infection in Women Undergoing Infertility Evaluation in Lagos, Nigeria Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Oloyede, O. A. O.; Fakoya, T. A.; Oloyede, A. A.; Alayo, A. M. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 157-162 Language English Descriptor Chlamydiaceae Infections-epidemiology; Infertility Women Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria-Lagos; Abstract Purpose: To determine the prevalence and level of awareness of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection and possible correlative factors among women undergoing infertility evaluation. Methods: The study involved analysis of demographics and results of chlamydia screening in 77 infertile women undergoing evaluation over a six month period in Lagos, Nigeria. Results: The mean age was 32 + 6.4 yr (range 20-39 yr). Chlamydia screening was positive in 14 (18.2). Awareness about the existence, symptomatology, mode of infection and complications was poor. Statistically significant correlation existed between prevalence of chlamydia infection and age, previous history of sexual infection and minimum of one sexual partner in the last one year (p 0.05). The prevalence also increased in secondarily infertile and married women. Conclusion: Chlamydia prevalence was relatively high in women undergoing infertility evaluation in Lagos, with positive correlative factors being increasing age of women, previous sexual infection and one or more sexual partners. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10548 Record ID 010548 Publication type Journal Article Title Prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium Infection in a Neglected Community, South Western Nigeria Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Akinwale, O. P.; Ajayi, M. B.; Akande, D. O.; Adeleke, M. A.; Gyang, P. V.; Adeneye, A. K.; Dike, A. A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 149-155, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Schistosoma haematobium-epidemiology; Polymerase Chain Reaction Vulnerable Populations Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Purpose: Schistosomiasis ranks second to malaria among parasitic diseases of socio-economic and public health importance. In Nigeria, urinary schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium is endemic. This study aimed at producing an accurate data on the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in Apojula, a neglected community located around Oyan Dam, southwest Nigeria, using parasitological and molecular techniques. Methods: Parasitological examinations were carried out on urine samples from 63 participants whose ages ranged between 7 and 63 years. Matched blood and urine samples were also screened for S. hematobium infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the schistosome Dra1 repeat. Results: of the 63 participants, 33 (52.4) were positive for heamaturia while 6 (9.5) had S. haematobium ova in their urine. PCR amplification of S. haematobium Dra1 repeat from their urine and blood samples showed that 59 (93.65) and 62 (98.4) were infected respectively. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of S. haematobium infection as detected by PCR amplification of schistosome Dra1 repeat from the urine and blood samples of the study participants. In addition, the PCR was able to detect schistosome infection in cases otherwise shown to be negative by parasitological examinations thereby making them also to receive chemotherapy. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10547 Record ID 010547 Publication type Journal Article Title Discordance between Providers Estimated and Caregivers Self Reported Adherence to HAART and Immunological Response among HIV Infected Children in Ethiopia Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Biadgilign, S.; Deribew, A.; Amberbir, A.; Deribe, K.; Berhane, A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 139-148, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor HIV Infections; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Medication Adherence; Child Abstract Purpose: Poor concordance between patient and physician reports of adherence might lead to inappropriate decisions regarding therapy. This study was undertaken to determine the rate of discordance between caregivers of children and physicians on adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: In a cross sectional study involving 390 respondents that was conducted in five hospitals in Addis Ababa, agreement between caregiver-reported adherence and providers' estimate of adherence was compared using Kappa (k) statistic. The association between the CD4 counts and measure of adherence was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Caregivers reported dose adherence was 87in the last 7 days and physician estimated 84of the children as adherent based on their judgment. Fair agreement was observed between caregivers-reported dose adherence and providers' estimate adherence (Kappa = 0.27, p=0.0001). In a ROC curve, the association between a current CD4 count slope and physician estimated was poor. Conclusions: There is fair agreement and high rate of discordance (18) between physicians estimated and caregivers reported adherence. These recall for an intervention to augment better mutual understanding between physicians and caregivers on the issue of adherence to HAART under clinical care programme. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10546 Record ID 010546 Publication type Journal Article Title Factors Influencing the Health Behaviors of International Students at a University Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Lartey, G. K.; Mishra, S.; Odonwodo, D. E.; Chitalu, C.; Chafatelli, A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 131-138 Language English Descriptor Health Behavior; Delivery of Health Care; Health Promotion; Exercise; Nutrition; Students Descriptor-Geographic Ethiopia Abstract Purpose: Each year, college campuses in America welcome an increasing and diverse population of international students. While the health status of these students is as diverse as the countries they come from, the shared experience of coming from different cultures, different backgrounds and different systems could lead to differences in health behavior. This study aimed to identify key patterns in nutrition, exercise and use of health care services and make recommendations for health promotion interventions. Methods: Online questionnaires were distributed to all international students enrolled in classes for the Spring 2007. Results: The majority of international students believed healthy behaviors were important: good nutrition habits (91); regular exercise (74); and use of health care services (60). Forty-four percent of the students reported they never exercise and 56reported not to have used any health care services within the past year. Conclusion: Although international students of Western Kentucky University, USA believe in healthy behaviours, majority often do not use the health care services. University wellness programs should be designed to identify target areas for health promotion interventions among international students. In addition, orientation programs provided to these students should be comprehensive and must include perceived academic, health, social and cultural issues and how to overcome them. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10545 Record ID 010545 Publication type Journal Article Title A 6-Month Review of Medical Admissions in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Akoria, O. A.; Unuigbe, E. I. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(2) Pages 125-130, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Admitting Department, Hospital; Consumer Health Information; Morbidity; Mortality; Patients' Rooms; Hospitals, Teaching Abstract Purpose: To provide an overview of morbidity and mortality in the medical wards of a teaching hospital and to generate discussions among staff members with a view to improving patient outcomes and data handling. Methods: A retrospective survey of admissions and mortalities in the medical wards of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital was undertaken from 1st January to 30th June 2006, using ward Record and Change books, and copies of death certificates. Morbidity data were assessed for two medical wards and mortalities for all medical admissions within the period under review were evaluated. Results: Health information was managed entirely manually. Data sources were quite often inaccessible or mutilated, and the utility of available data was limited by incomplete and incorrect documentation. No clinical coding of morbidities or mortalities was available. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and its complications accounted for significantly more female than male admissions (26.1and 16.2respectively; p=0.005), and for more female than male deaths (34.6and 29.6respectively; p 0.0001). Most deaths occurred between midnight and the start of the working day, with a second peak during prime working hours. Conclusions: Less than optimal health information management was apparent in the health facility studied. Mortality among the patients was highest in HIV-infected patients than other diseases. Capacity building and appropriate infrastructural development is required to improve the management of vitally important health information. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10303 Record ID 010303 Publication type Journal Article Title Knowledge and Perception of e-Health and Telemedicine among Health Professionals in LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Lanre, A. O.; Makanjuola, A. T. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(1) Pages 51-58, tab. Language English Descriptor Telemedicine; Health Manpower; Knowledge; Perception; Hospitals, Teaching Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria-Osogbo; Abstract Depression is a complex but treatable disorder if diagnosed appropriately. However, despite the advances in the understanding of the molecular basis of this disorder and the vast range of medication, psychotherapy and electroconvulsive therapy, very safe and effective drug to treat this disease is still being sought. Several studies suggest that St.John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) has phloroglucinol derivative, hyperforin, exhibiting antidepressant activity. This bioactive component can be exploited to create a major shift in the safer treatment of depression. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10302 Record ID 010302 Publication type Journal Article Title Success of the Control of Tuberculosis in Nigeria: a Review Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Erah, P. O.; Ojieabu, W. A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Poracom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2009 Volume and n° 2(1) Pages 3-14, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Tuberculosis-prevention & control; Tuberculosis-therapy; National Health Programs Review Descriptor-Local Directly Observed Treatment (Dots) Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has emerged as the single leading cause of death from any single infectious agent and has continued to be a major public health problem all over the world. Of the over 14 million cases worldwide reported by World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2008, Nigeria ranked fifth in terms of incidence. Depending on the prevailing social factors such as socio-economic status of the people, malnutrition, crowded living conditions, incidence of HIV/AIDS, level of development of health infrastructures, quality of available control programmes, degree of drug resistance to anti-tuberculous agents, etc, prevalence, patterns of presentation, and outcomes of treatment from TB can vary from one country to another and from one region of a country to the other. Attempts to deal with the problems of the disease led to the development of Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) by WHO in 1995, and more recently the Stop TB strategy in 2006. In Nigeria, the DOTS programme has been implemented in all States and local government areas in the country and 3,000 DOTS centres have been operating across the country since 2006. This article reviewed the available information on the success of the control of TB in Nigeria has observed a significant improvement in TB detection and treatment. However, neither the set target for the detection rate nor the cure rate have been achieved nationally as several challenges have militated against the effective implementation of the DOTS programme. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10015 Record ID 010015 Publication type Journal Article Title Phytochemical Screening and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of the Fruits and Leaves of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv (Guttiferae) Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ayoola, G. A.; Ipav, S. S.; Sofidiya, M. O.; Adepoju-Bello, A. A.; Coker, H. A. B.; Odugbemi, T. O. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(2) Pages 87-93, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Free Radical Scavengers; Flavonoids; Clusiaceae Descriptor-Geographic 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Abstract Purpose: To compare the phytochemical constituents in the leaves and fruits of Allanblackia floribunda and determine their free radical scavenging activity. Methods: The fruit and leaves of AF collected from the uncultivated farmlands of Okeigbo, Ondo State, Nigeria, were dried, milled and extracted with methanol. Phytochemical screening was carried out according to standard procedures. Free radical scavenging activity was determined by measuring the decrease in the visible absorbance of 2,2-diphenyl-1 -picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) on addition of the plant extract. The mean inhibitory concentration (IC50), which is the concentration of extract needed to decrease the initial absorbance of DPPH by 50was determined graphically. Total phenolic, flavonoids and proanthocyanidin contents were determined by spectro-photometric methods. Results: Alkaloids, anthraquinones, tannins, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides were found to be present in both the fruits and leaves. Only AF fruit contained phlobatannins. IC50 values of 0.01, 0.02 and 0.1 mg/ml were recorded for Vitamin E, AF leaves and AF fruits respectively. Total phenolic, total flavonoid and proanthocyanidin contents were 65, 0.07 and 2.38 mg/g of powdered plant material for AF fruits, and 12, 51.35, 19.5 mg/g of powdered plant material for AF leaves as gallic acid, rutin and catechin equivalents respectively. Conclusion: AF leaves are five times more potent as a free radical scavenger compared to the fruits though the fruit was found to contain a higher phenolic content. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10014 Record ID 010014 Publication type Journal Article Title Pharmacy Students Perception of the Application of Learning Management System in Patient-oriented Pharmacy Education: University of Benin Experience Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, WR/Guinea Author(s) Erah, P. O.; Dairo, E. A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(2) Pages 51-61, fig. Language English Descriptor Pharmacists; Education, Pharmacy; Management Information Systems; Students Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Objective: To evaluate pharmacy students' perception of the application of learning management system (LMS) in their education in a Doctor of Pharmacy program in Benin City. Method: In a special ICT class, 165 pharmacy students were introduced to LMS using an open source program, DoceboO after which a questionnaire with core questions in five domains, namely, sociodemographic data, access to computer and internet, problems in applying ICT facilities, perception of e-learning and LMS was administered. Students' responses to the questionnaire were analysed. Results: Although most students (84) had access to internet, only 16.1owned computers and majority (82.1) use cybercafés for internet access. Frequent electric power failure, inadequate computer facilities, skilled personnel, and slow internet speed were identified by 64.8-82.5of the students as problems in using computer facilities in the University. While willingness to pay was not considered a problem, 80.4of the students were only willing to pay not more than US$ 7.96 per semester for internet access. Over 92of them felt that LMS will make teaching and learning more exciting and effective when combined with the traditional teaching approach. Conclusion: The use of LMS will improve the teaching and learning of pharmacy students Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10013 Record ID 010013 Publication type Journal Article Title Pharmacists and Nurses Perception of Medication Errors in a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Demehin, A. I.; Babalola, O. O.; Erhun, W. O. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(2) Pages 51-61, fig. Language English Descriptor Medication Errors; Pharmacists; Nurses; Drug Therapy; Hospitals, Teaching Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Purpose: To investigate the type and frequency of all medication dispensing and administration errors as perceived by pharmacists and nurses respectively, and the factors associated with such errors in a Nigerian university teaching hospital. Methods: The study was conducted at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals, Ile-Ife and Ilesa, Nigeria. Data was collected by the use of pre-tested questionnaire administered to 35 pharmacists and a stratified sample of 130 nurses over a period of 2 weeks. The questionnaires were sorted and analysed. Results: The pharmacists that responded (80) cited incorrect drug, incorrect strength of drug (70) and wrong dose of drug (60) as the most common dispensing errors. Fifty percent of pharmacists put the estimated frequency of occurrence of these dispensing errors at 1 per 100 prescriptions dispensed. Most of the nurses (65) identified administration of wrong drug, administration of wrong dose (63) and wrong time of drug administration (57) as the most frequently occurring medication administration errors in the teaching hospital. All the pharmacists and 78of nurses identified excess workload as the most important factor contributing to errors in medication dispensing and administration respectively. Conclusion: The fundamental factor perceived to be contributing to errors in medication dispensing and administration was excess workload resulting from insufficient members of staff.) cited incorrect drug, incorrect strength of drug (70) and wrong dose of drug (60) as the most common dispensing errors. Fifty percent of pharmacists put the estimated frequency of occurrence of these dispensing errors at 1 per 100 prescriptions dispensed. Most of the nurses (65) identified administration of wrong drug, administration of wrong dose (63) and wrong time of drug administration (57) as the most frequently occurring medication administration errors in the teaching hospital. All the pharmacists and 78of nurses identified excess workload as the most important factor contributing to errors in medication dispensing and administration respectively. Conclusion: The fundamen- tal factor perceived to be contributing to errors in medication dispensing and administration was excess workload resulting from insufficient members of staff. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10012 Record ID 010012 Publication type Journal Article Title Facial Plexiform Neurofibromatosis in a 16 Year-Old Female from Eastern Nigeria: a Rare Presentation Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Arute, J. E.; Nwosu, P. J. C.; Erah, P. O. Author(s) Affiliation Benin City; Parcom Academic Publishers Journal Title International Journal of Health Research Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(4) Pages 105-110, fig. Language English Descriptor Neurofibroma, Plexiform; Neurofibromatosis 1; Case Reports Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Plexiform neurofibromatosis or von Pleckinghausen's disease is an uncommon variety of neurofibromatosis type I, usually associated with trigeminal nerve. We report a rare case of the disease on the face of a 16 year-old female patient. The patient presented with overhanging mass of skin folds on the face, completely covering one eye and partially covering the second eye, as well as occasional pain and itching. Physical examination revealed the presence of café au lait macules, freckling in the axillary, optic glioma and iris hamartomas. Family history was not contributory. An interventional reconstructive surgical procedure with excision of surplus skin folds on the face and lip margin was performed on the patient. Doloneurobionr (paracetamol and vitamins B1, B6 and B12 combination) as well as Vecutenr (neomycin sulphate, clortrimazole and dexamethosone combination) cream were used to successfully manage the occasional pain and itching. There was evidence of re-growth of the tumours over a one year follow-up period. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10011 Record ID 010011 Publication type Journal Article Title Bacteriological Pattern of Wound Swab Isolates in Patients with Chronic Leg Ulcer Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Fadeyi, A.; Adigun, I. A.; Rahman, G. A. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(4) Pages 183-188 Language English Descriptor Leg Ulcer; Bacteriology; Wounds and Injuries Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Purpose: To determine the pattern of bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity profile in patients with infected chronic leg ulceration. Methods: Sixty swab specimens obtained from chronic leg ulcer (CLU) patients were cultured aerobically and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the recovered organisms determined by the modified Kirby -Bauer disc-diffusion method. Results: 47 (78.3) of the ulcers were infected out of which 39 (83.0) were culture positive. Most of the culture positive ulcers were on the distal third of the leg. The isolated bacteria from the wounds were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (33), Staphylococcus aureus (24), Proteus spp (15), Klebsiella spp (13), Citrobacter spp (13) and Escherichia coli (2). None of the patient without clinical evidence of wound infection had bacterial positive wound swab culture. All isolates were sensitive to third generation cephalosporin and floroquinolones but majority were resistant to ampicillin. Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphyloco-ccus aureus. Proteus spp, Klebsiella spp, Citrobacter spp and Escherichia coli sensitive to third generation cephalosporin and floroquinolones have been recovered from 78of patients with chronic leg ulcers in a tertiary health facility in Nigeria Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10010 Record ID 010010 Publication type Journal Article Title Matrix Release from Tablets Prepared with Aqueous Dispersion of an Acrylate Methacrylate (a Water -Insoluble) Copolymer as Binder Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Eichie, F. E.; Okor, R. S.; Omameri Esi Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(4) Pages 235-240, fig., tab. Language English Descriptor Methacrylates; maleic acid-methacrylic acid copolymer; Tensile Strength Abstract Purpose: To investigate the binder effect of aqueous dispersions of acrylate methacrylates (AMA) copolymer with a view to obtaining matrix (non-disintegrating) tablets with a retard release property. Methods: Aqueous dispersions of AMA (1-15w/v) were formed by a coacervation procedure using ethanol (10 ml) as solvent and water (90 ml) as non-solvent for the copolymer. The aqueous dispersions were used to wet-mass the drug (paracetamol) powder. Resulting granules were compressed to 500 mg tablets using a single punch machine. The tablets were subjected to hardness, friability, disintegration and dissolution tests. Results: The granules formed hard tablets (tensile strength 1 - 2.0 MNm-2) with low friability decreasing from 2 to 1as the AMA binder concentration increased from 0.75 to 11.25w/w. The tablets failed to disintegrate in 3 hr. Drug release generally followed the Higuchi square root of time kinetic (R2 = 0.95). The AMA binder markedly retarded drug release as reflected by the sharp decrease in the dissolution rate constant from 30 min-2 (AMA, 0.75w/w) to 9 min-2 (AMA, 11.25w/w). Conclusion: The AMA dispersion is an effective binder, producing matrix tablets with a retard release property controlled by the binder content in the tablets. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10009 Record ID 010009 Publication type Journal Article Title Pregnancy Termination in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Need for Refined Data Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ibisomi, L.; Odimegwu, C. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(4) Pages 207-224 Language English Descriptor Pregnancy; Abortion, Induced; Stillbirth Descriptor-Geographic Africa South of the Sahara Abstract Purpose: This study examines the levels and pattern of, as well as the factors associated with, pregnancy termination in seventeen Sub-Sahara African countries. Methods: The 2000 round of demographic and health survey (DHS) data sets for the countries are used. The study population are women aged 15-49 who have ever been exposed to the risk of pregnancy and interviewed during the surveys. Univariate analysis is done to examine the distribution of the women. Bivariate analysis of selected background, contraceptive, sexual behaviour and fertility variables by having ever had a terminated pregnancy are also carried out. Lastly, multivariate logistic regression models are fitted to examine the magnitude of associated variables while controlling for others. Results: the associated factors vary from country to country. However, age and marital status are associated with and are critical predictors of having ever had a terminated pregnancy in all the countries. For example, the odds of having ever had a terminated pregnancy is about 54 and 32 times (for currently and formerly married women, respectively) that of those that have never married in Rwanda. Conclusion: This study has come up with findings that provoke more thinking and research on the topic of pregnancy termination and to reproductive health in general. This is because `ever had a terminated pregnancy' as used in the DHS context made no distinction between the three different pathways through which a pregnancy may not result into a live birth. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 10008 Record ID 010008 Publication type Journal Article Title Sexual Practices and Knowledge about HIV/AIDS among Nigerian Secondary School Students Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Tolulope, M. O.; Bosede, A. O. Journal Title International Journal of Health Research ISSN 1596-9819 Place of Publication Benin City Publisher Parcom Academic Publishers Date of publication 2008 Volume and n° 1(4) Pages 197-205, tab. Language English Descriptor HIV; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Sexual Behavior; Knowledge; Students; Schools Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria Abstract Purpose: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among secondary school students in Ekiti State, Nigeria to determine their knowledge about HIV/AIDS, sexual practices and their sources of information. Methods: Using a self-administered questionnaire, 779 randomly selected students, aged 12 yr and above, attending 10 secondary schools from five Universal Basic Education (UBE) Local Government Areas in Ekiti State, Nigeria were surveyed to determine their knowledge about HIV/AIDS, sexual practices and their sources of information. The data collected were analysed using SPSS version 14. RESULTS: Majority of the respondents across the classes (99.4) were knowledgeable about the modes of transmission of HIV/AIDS. In spite of this, they still engaged in risky sexual practices like having casual sex, multiple sexual partners, non-use of condom and having sex for economic reasons. Most of the students in the exit classes acquired information about some sexual practices like oral sex from the Internet. Conclusion : Although there appears to be adequate knowledge about HIV/AIDS among youths, risky sexual practices are still common. Developing, restructuring and strengthening HIV/AIDS risk reduction interventions are highly recommended. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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