Database : AIM Search on : East African Medical Journal [Journal] References found : 58 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 20   in format [Detailed]

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Record No. 5981 Record ID 005981 Publication type Journal Article Title Evidence for expression of endogenous retroviral sequences on primate reproductive tissues and detection of cross-reactive ervs antigens in the baboon ovary: a review Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Arimi, M.M.; Nyachieo, A.; Langat, D.K. et al. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 106-112 Language English Descriptor Retroviridae; Tumor Lysis Syndrome Abstract Objective: To review recent research findings on the specific expression of endogenous retroviral sequences (ERVS) in reproductive tissues and their possible physiological roles. ERVS have been implicated in several biological events such as induction of resistance to exogenous retrovirus invasion, involvement in placental trophoblast formation, sperm maturation and differentiation; and stimulation of local immunosuppression to protect the foetus from immunological attack. Data sources: Critical review of relevant articles and abstracts cited in international and local journals, literature searches on Medline and Medchem up to 2005. Data synthesis: Retroviruses have been implicated in the induction of tumour and immunological disorders. Over the years, endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and retroviral elements have been detected in the genome of many vertebrate species, including primates. The evidence for the presence of retroviruses in the primate tissues such as the placenta, ovary, breast, testis and epididymis has been documented using electron microscopic studies. Retrovirus-like particles were found budding from the basal membrane of lyncytiotrophoblasts, as well as in tumour cell lines in embryonic carcinoma or teratocarcinomas. Apart from their pathological effects, recent evidence suggests that these ERVs may play useful roles in normal physiological events. Results: Recent studies indicate the expression of endogenous retroviruses in the testis, epididymis, placenta and breast. However, limited data exist on the detection of ERVs in the ovary. Overall, the precise functions for ERVs in these tissues are not well understood. In the testis and epididymis, speculative functions may include among others spermatogenesis and/or sperm maturation (differentiation) whereas in placenta they are possibly associated with trophoblast fusion and locally induced immunosuppression to protect the foetus from immunological attack. Experiments in our laboratory have indicated restricted expression of retroviral antigens including baboon endogenous retroviral proteins (BERV), ERV-3, HIV-1 gp41 and HERV-K env in the baboon ovary. Conclusion: ERVs are specifically expressed in different mammalian reproductive tissues and may have unique physiological roles. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5980 Record ID 005980 Publication type Journal Article Title Oral health status among kenyans in a rural arid setting: dental caries experience and knowledge on its causes Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kassim, B.A.; Noor, M.A.; Chindia, M.L. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 95-99 Language English Descriptor Oral Health; Dental Caries; Rural erea Abstract Objective: To determine the dental caries experience and knowledge on the causes and preventive measures for dental diseases. Design: A community based cross-sectional descriptive study.Setting: Elwak sub-district hospital, North Eastern Province, Kenya. Subjects: One hundred and forty one adults who presented themselves during a dental check up at a sub-district hospital and gave written consent. Main outcome measures: Dental caries status and knowledge on its causes and preventive measures. The importance of outreach programmes in obtaining information as well as helping to alleviate the pain and suffering caused by dental diseases among communities living in remote areas is also revealed. Results: Of the one hundred and forty one individuals, who were included in the study, 63.1 Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5979 Record ID 005979 Publication type Journal Article Title Congenital malformations in the north-eastern democratic republic of congo during civil war Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ahuka, O. L.; Toko, R. M.; Omanga, F. U. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 95-99 Language English Descriptor Congenital,Hereditary,and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; War Descriptor-Geographic Democratic Republic of the Congo Abstract Objective: To report on changes in the incidence of congenital malformations in a context of an ongoing civil conflict. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Centre Médical Evangélique (CME) of Nyankunde, a 250 bed referral hospital, in the North Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) during the period 1993 to 2001. Subjects: A total of 8824 babies were delivered alive at our maternity; and 36 of them (0.41 Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5978 Record ID 005978 Publication type Journal Article Title Hepatitis a seroepidemiology in eastern turkey Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Vancelik, S.; Guraksin, A.; Alp, H. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 72-78 Language English Descriptor Hepatitis A; Epidemiology Abstract Background: It has been reported that there are great deal of changes in the epidemiology of hepatitis A at the present. The epidemiologic studies regarding to hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection are not sufficient both in the country and study region. Objective: To investigate HAV seroprevalence and association with socio-demographic variables. Design: Cross-sectional and community based study. Setting: Erzurum Province, Eastern Turkey between April and June 1998. Subjects: Four hundred and fifty persons under the age of 30 years. Results: The rate of the study involvement was 87.1 Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5977 Record ID 005977 Publication type Journal Article Title Iatrogenic ureteric and bladder injuries in obstetric and gynaecologic surgeries Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Mteta, K. A.; Mbwambo, J.; Mvungi, M. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 79-85 Language English Descriptor Gynecology ; Iatrogenic Disease; Urology Abstract Objective: To review iatrogenic ureteric and urinary bladder injuries from obstetric and gynaecological surgeries treated in the urology department analysing; ureteric anatomy, aetiologicfactors, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. Design: A retrospective study. Setting: Institute of Urology, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Center (KCMC), Moshi, Tanzania. Subjects: Twenty three women were treated for iatrogenic ureteric and bladder injuries secondary to obstetric and gynaecological procedures in the department of urology between June 1994 and July 2004. Results: Hysterectomy was the leading cause of ureteric injuries contributing to nine (47.4 Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5975 Record ID 005975 Publication type Journal Article Title Estimation of the minimum number of leishmania major amastigotes required for infecting phlebotomus duboscqi (diptera: psychodidae) Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Anjili, C.; Langat, B; Lugalia, R. et al. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 2006 Volume and n° 83( 2 ) Pages 68-71 Language English Descriptor Leishmania; Phlebotomus; Parasitic Diseases Abstract Background. Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease in which Leishmania parasites are transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. Amastigotes are ingested by the sand fly vector with a blood meal taken from an infected host. This is followed by their differentiation into metacyclic promastigotes which are selectively released and permitted to migrate interiorly so as to makethem available for transmission by bite. However, the actual number of amastigotes ingested by the sand fly in the blood meal is not known. Objective: To investigate the minimum number of Leishmania major amastigotes required to cause an infection in Phlebotomus duboscqi following an infective blood meal. Design: A laboratory based study. Setting: Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research institute, Nairobi. Results: Dissection of all fed sand flies at six days post-infective blood meal revealed that blood containing one amastigote per 0.3µl in a total volume of 0.5ml was able to cause an infection in the sand flies, but very few sand flies got infected (7.6 Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 5891 Record ID 005891 Publication type Journal Article Title Tuberculosis chemotherapy and sputum conversion among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients in South-Eastern Uganda. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Bwire, F.; Borgdorff, M.W..; Sticht-Groh,V.; et al. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Netherlands Publisher Nertherlands Tuberculosis Association Date of publication 1999 Volume and n° 76(6) Pages 307-314 Language English Descriptor Tuberculosis-therapy; HIV Infections-epidemiology; Descriptor-Local Uganda Descriptor-Geographic Uganda-South_Eastern Uganda; Abstract Objective: To investigate if there is a difference in response to tuberculosis treatment between HIV-Seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients in South-Eastern Uganda. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: St. Francis Leprosy Centre, south-East Uganda. Subjects: four hundred fifty seven patients with never previously treated sputum smear-positive tuberculosis admitted during a two-year period in 1991/1993. Intervention: Intensive phase treatment with streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide. Main outcome measures: Sputum conversion from a positive to a negative smear at eight weeks of treatment. Results: HIV seropositivity prevalence was 28among HIV seronegative patients, conversion to a negative smear status occurred in 76 persons compared to 78 in HIV seropositive patients.This difference was not statistically significant (OR=0.9; 95CI, 0.6-1.5). HIV seropositive patients, however, were more likely to die (p=0.017). A high prevalence or resistance to isoniazid and streptomycin was found. Isoniazid restance was more likely in HIV seronegative patients with M.tuberculois strains compared to HIV seropositive persons (p0.005). Initial resistance to antituberculosis drugs did not have a significant effect on smear conversion. Conclusion : This study demonstrates that HIV-seropositive status is not a principal factor in delaying sputum conversion among patients receiving intensive phase tuberculosis treatment.

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Record No. 5793 Record ID 005793 Publication type Journal Article Title Comparative study of superficial cancer in Tanzania Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Amir, H.; Kwesigabo, G.; Hirji, K. Author(s) Affiliation Department of Surgery, Muhimbili Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dares Salaam, Tanzania Journal Title East African Medical Journal ISSN 0012-835X Date of publication 1992 Volume and n° 69(2) Pages 88-93 Language English Descriptor Adolescence Adult Aged Child Child, Preschool Infant Middle age Registries Sex factors Skin neoplasms-pathology; Descriptor-Geographic Nigeria; South africa; Tanzania; Uganda; United states Abstract Examination of the Tanzania Cancer Registry from 1978 to 1988 showed squamous cell carcinomas to be the most frequent form of superficial malignancy, followed by Kaposi's sarcoma and then malignant melanoma. Males were more afflicted than females, and the lower limbs were predominant sites of the lesion. In terms of relative importance of various types of superficial cancers, the pattern seen in Tanzania was similar to that in another East African country. In a West African country, Kaposi's sarcoma was not common. On the other hand, among blacks in the USA, basal cell carcinomas were almost similar in frequency to squamous cell carcinomas.

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Record No. 5792 Record ID 005792 Publication type Journal Article Title A preliminary study on intermediate snail hosts of schistosomes in River Enyau, Arua district, Uganda Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Odongo-Aginya, E. I. Author(s) Affiliation Uganda Virus Research College, Entebbe Journal Title East African Medical Journal ISSN 0012-835X Date of publication 1992 Volume and n° 69(6) Pages 316-8 Language English Descriptor Disease susceptibility Mice Parasitology-methods; Schistosoma-haematobium isolation and purification; Schistosoma-mansoni isolation and purification; Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract A total of 1260 snail intermediate hosts of both Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haemotobium were collected along the non-seasonal River Enyau which lies half a kilometre west of Arua, a north-western Uganda town. The snails collected were Biomphalaria pfeifferi 709: Biomphalaria choanomphala 457, Bulinus Bulinus tropicus 94. These were screened for cercariae shedding and 25 B. pfeifferi and 12 B. choanomphalal shed mammalian cercaricae while none of the Bulinus (Bulinus) tropicus shed any cercariae. River Enyau Biomphalaria snails were susceptible to a Schistosoma mansoni strain from Entebbe. Cercariae derived from these snails and also those found infected in the River Enyau were confirmed to be S. mansoni using laboratory mice.

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Record No. 5758 Record ID 005758 Publication type Journal Article Title The intensity of Schistosoma mansoni in the fishing villages of Bugonga and Kitubulu in Entebbe Peninsula, Uganda Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Lakwo, T. L.; Odongo-Aginya, E. I. Author(s) Affiliation Uganda Virus Research Institute, Schistosomiasis Department, Entebbe Journal Title East African Medical Journal ISSN 0012-835X Date of publication 1993 Volume and n° 68(5) Pages 372-7 Language English Descriptor Adolescence Adult Biomphalaria-parasitology; Child Child, Preschool Disease vectors Feces-parasitology; Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Mass screening Schistosomiasis-mansoni parasitology; Schistosomiasis-mansoni transmission; Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract The intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection in the fishing villages of Bugonga and Kitubulu, and the occurrence of snail intermediate host population in the two villages are described and compared. A total of five hundred and six faecal samples from both villages were examined by modified Kato's technique and the prevalence infection rate at Kitubulu was 40.3pc with mean egg count of 187 eggs per gram(epg) while in Bugonga it was 32.4pc and 126 epg respectively. The snail intermediate host for S. mansoni in the two villages was 2,750 Biomphalaria choanomphala at Kitubulu and 1,268 at Bugonga. But at Kitubulu in the vicinity of the village 185 Biomphalaria peifferi occurred in small localized population. The cercarial screening test conducted on 4,018 B. choanomphala and 185 B. peifferi from the two villages revealed higher snail infection rate for both mammalian and non-mammalian cercariae at Kitubulu than Bugonga. Variations in infection rates both among the inhabitants and host snail populations in the two villages are discussed.

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Record No. 5751 Record ID 005751 Publication type Journal Article Title Incidence and causes of maternal mortality in five Kampala hospitals, 1980-1986 Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Kampikaho, A.; Irwig, L. M. Author(s) Affiliation Institute of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda Journal Title East African Medical Journal ISSN 0012-835X Date of publication 1991 Volume and n° 68(8) Pages 624-31 Language English Descriptor Abortion-mortality; Delivery-statistics and numerical data; Hospitals, Urban Pregnancy Prenatal care-standards; Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract This report presents results of a descriptive study to estimate the mortality rate, identify the type and the causes of maternal deaths. The study was conducted in 1987 in Kampala hospitals for a period covering seven years from 1st January 1980 to 31st December, 1986. The non abortion maternal mortality rate (NAMMR) was 2.65 per 1000 deliveries while the abortion related maternal mortality rate (ARMMR) was 3.58 per 1000 abortions. There was a statistically significant increase in NAMMR while the increase in ARMMR was almost significant over the seven year period. Of all maternal deaths, 80 per cent were non abortion while 20 per cent were abortion related. The commonest immediate causes of death, in order of importance, were sepsis, haemorrhage, ruptured uterus, anaesthesia and anaemia. The commonest patient management factors which contributed to death, in order of importance, were lack of blood for transfusion, lack of drugs and intravenous fluids, theatre problems and doctor related factors. We feel that a lot happens to the pregnant mother before she finally reaches a health unit for delivery and that there is a great need to improve on the community's gynaecological and obstetrical services as well as ambulance and emergency services. We also feel that maternal mortality in developing countries could be reduced if the health workers were imaginative in respect to each patient, tried not to operate as though they were working in a developed country, and created relevant solutions for the local problems.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Record No. 5632 Record ID 005632 Publication type Journal Article Title Preliminary study on Intermediate snail hosts of schistosomes in River Enyau, Arua District, Uganda. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Odongo-Aginya,I.O. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 1992 Volume and n° 69(6) Pages 316-318 Language English Descriptor Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosoma; Snails Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract A total of 1260 snail intermediate hosts of both Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haemotobium were collected along the non-seasonal River enyau which lies half a kilometre west of Arua, a north-western Uganda town. The snails collected were Biomphalaria pfeifferi 709: Biomphalaria choanomphala 457, Bulinus Bulinus tropicus 94. These were screened for cercarieae while none of the Bulinus (Bulinus) tropicus shed any cercariae. River Enyau Biomphalaria snails were susceptible to a Schistosoma mansoni strain from Entebbe. Cercariae derived from these snails and also those found infected in the river enyau were confirmed to be S. mansoni using laboratory mice.

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Record No. 5580 Record ID 005580 Publication type Journal Article Title Classification and grading of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Odida,M.; Schmauz,R. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1998 Volume and n° 73(5)(suppl Pages S9-10 Language English Descriptor Carcinoma,Squamous Cell Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract Two hundred and twenty three cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix were classified according to their resemblance to cells in any of the layers in the ectocervix and a grade of low and high malignancy was also given to each case. Forty cases were classified as basal, 59 as prickle, 115 as intermediate and one as superficial cell types. Ninety cases were high grade (seven basal, 14 prickle, 63 intermediate and six superficial) and 133 were low grades (33 basal, 45 prickle, 52 intermediate, three superficial). This study shows that the intermediate cell type is the commonest and are usually high grade tumours. The findings also support the idea that squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix may arise from any of the normal layers in ectocervix and suggests that squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is not a single disease entity, but heterogenous group of tumours like the non-Hodgkin's B cell or T cell lymphomas. Further study is needed to correlate the cyokeratin subtypes and clinical features of each histological type.

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Record No. 5579 Record ID 005579 Publication type Journal Article Title Mucin secretion by gastric carcinoma cells: PAS alcain blue stain study. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Wabinga,H.R. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73/5 (Suppl) Pages S19-20 Language English Descriptor Stomach Neoplasms; Gastric Mucin Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract Thirty cases of gastric cancer were studied. Slides were stained with PAS Alcian Blue. The staining characteristics of the mucin were correlated with gross characteristics of the tumours and histological types. Due to the few cases studied, there was no observed statistical significance between the various mucin staining characteristics with the histological type, sex site of tumour and ethnicity. In 84of cases the tumour cells secreted either neutral or mixed mucins. Acid mucins were demonstrated in 5 cases only. neutral mucin is normally secreted by gastric epithelium and neck cells of gastric glands. The observation in this study suggests that those tumours which secrete neutral and mixed mucin probably arise from gastric epithelium, neck cells of gastric glands or colonic metaplasia. In those cases where the tumour produces acid mucin it is possible the tumour arose from areas of intestinal metaplasia.

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Record No. 5572 Record ID 005572 Publication type Journal Article Title Radiotherapy in cancer management at Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Kigula-Mugambe, J.B.; Durosinmi-Etti, E.A. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1998 Volume and n° 79/9 Pages 611-3 Language English Descriptor Neoplasms Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract Five hundred and seven cancer patients who received radiotherapy using the newly upgraded facilities at the Mulago Hospital over a 16 month period following the inception of the services are reviewed. previously available facilities had been limited to teletherapy using only a 300 KV orthovoltage X-ray machine which had proved inadequate to cope with the current needs at the department. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna recently upgraded the available services through the provision of facilities for cobalt-60 teletherapy, brachytherapy and computerised treatment planning and dosimetry as well as providing training for all cadres of the radiotherapy department. We review the impact of this new service on the referral pattern and types of patients who received radiotherapy since inception. Over 60of all the patients were women who presented with carcinoma of the cervix and breast. Apart from the apparent increase in cases of cervical carcinoma, the current AIDS pandemic in Uganda did not appear to to reflect any increase in the incidence of other AIDS-related cancers such as Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkins lymphomas treated at the department. The need for more patients and earlier referrals to the department is stressed in order to maximise the use of the improved radiotherapy services.

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Record No. 5571 Record ID 005571 Publication type Journal Article Title Frequency of helicobacter pylori in gastroscopic biopsy of Ugandan Africans. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Wabinga,H.R. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73(10) Pages 691-3 Language English Descriptor Helicobacter pylori Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract A total of 56 patients who presented for gastroscopy from 1993 to 1995 in Mulago Hospital had their gastroscopic biopsy specimens examined for Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori). H. pylori infections and the bacteria were only found in those above 22 years of age. Fifty six percent of those with the infection in which ethnicity was mentioned were Nyankole although they formed only 21of the study group. In all positive cases, H.pylori was found in the antrum with accompanying chronic atrophic gastritis.

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Record No. 5570 Record ID 005570 Publication type Journal Article Title Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in Kampala, Uganda. Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Kabatereine,N.B.; Kazibwe,F.; Kemijumbi,J. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Minsitry of Health Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73/12 Pages 795-800 Language English Descriptor Parasitic Diseases; Schistosomiasis Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract A survey for inestinal schistosomiasis was carried out in grade six pupils (5,313 pupils, 10-15 years) in over 80of all primary schools in Kampala. The aim of the survey was to assess the prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis in Kampala school children and to ascertain if transmission was occuring within the city. The prevalence of the disease was only 4.1(216/5,313) and egg load generally low (500 eggs per gram of stool). Most infected pupils came from areas outside Kampala known to be endemic for intestinal schistosomiasis. It cannot be precluded however, that some infections were contracted in Lake victoria and the Kabaka's Lake within Kampala City. It was suggested that it would be more cost effective if schistosomiasis control measures were applied at this stage.

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Record No. 5569 Record ID 005569 Publication type Journal Article Title Cervical cancer and cytomegalovirus Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Odida,M.; Schmauz,R. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73/12 Pages 810-2 Language English Descriptor Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Cytomegalovirus Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract Paraffin embedded sections from 34 cases of cervical cancer in Uganda were examined for the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) using immunohistochemistry. CMV was detected in five of the 34 cases. In all cases, the reactivity was confined to the cervical epithelial tissue. These results provide further evidence for an association between CMV and cervical cancer and show that CMV may be readily detected in archival materials. It also suggests that cervical cancer may be associated with immune deficiency.

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Record No. 5568 Record ID 005568 Publication type Journal Article Title Who should be screened to reduce the endoscopy workload in Mulago Hospital? Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Kagimu,M.; Winkler,C.; Ddumba,E. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Place of Publication Kampala Publisher Makerere University Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73(12) Pages 832-4 Language English Descriptor Endoscopy; Dyspepsia Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract A retrospective study of 330 patients who had been endoscoped in Mulago Hospital was done. It was found that of these 119(36.1) were normal endoscopically. Normal endoscopy was significantly associated with patients presenting with dyspepsia. Dyspepsia was commoner in the age group 13-45 years compared to the age group 46-85 years. The older age group, 46-85 years, had a significantly higher prevalence of serious disease. It is concluded that it is the younger patients with dyspepsia who should be screened to reduce the endoscopy workload. Published guidelines should be used to assist in the screening process.

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Record No. 5564 Record ID 005564 Publication type Journal Article Title Burkitt's Lymphoma: a recent clinical and histopathologic study in Uganda Source of Record Albert Cook Medical Library, Uganda Author(s) Kassim,A.; Elochu,E.Y. Journal Title East African Medical Journal Date of publication 1996 Volume and n° 73(6) Pages 346-9 Language English Descriptor Burkitt Lymphoma; Tumor Lysis Syndrome; Malaria Descriptor-Geographic Uganda Abstract This study was carried out on 100 young patients with Burkkit's tumour from march 1994 to September 1995. They were clinically examined and biopsied at the Dental Out Patient Clinic, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. The tumour was demonstrated as a single or multiple lesion involving the jawbones. It had a male/female ratio 2:1, the peak incidence had occurred at 4-6 years of age. The malaria, as an endemic disease in this country as well as malnutrition are factors which may innduce viral factors involved in this formidable tumour.

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