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Record No. 11481 Record ID 011481 Publication type Journal article Title Intellectual property approaches to the protection of traditional knowledge in the African Region Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Sackey, Emmanuel K. A.; Kasilo, Ossy M. J. Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 89-102 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-legislation and jurisprudence; Plants, Medicinal Descriptor-Geographic African Region (WHO) Abstract Traditional knowledge has played a significant role in the healthcare systems in countries of the African Region for centuries. Traditional medicines are presently used by nearly 80of the population. Owing to the global resurgence in the use of natural products and the advent of the biotechnological industry, traditional knowledge is increasingly becoming a source of modern drug development and biotechnological inventions. Despite the important role of traditional knowledge, traditional communities are unable to protect their knowledge through the existing intellectual property system owing to the failure of the knowledge to satisfy the requirements for intellectual property protection, incompatibility in most cases between the traditional knowledge concepts and intellectual property as well as the prohibitive costs involved in patent registration. Studies conducted recently and the outcomes of global debates have suggested some policy and legal approaches that can be used to effectively protect traditional knowledge, including traditional medicine. This paper discusses conceptsof traditional knowledge and provides policy and legal measures that have been developed at the international and regional levels for the protection and utilization of traditional knowledge for the benefit of the knowledge holders and society at large. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11480 Record ID 011480 Publication type Journal article Title Towards sustainable local production of traditional medicines in the African Region Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kasilo, Ossy MJ; Kofi-Tsekpo, Mawuli; Busia, Kofi Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 80-88 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional; Plants, Medicinal; Biological Products; Pharmaceutical Preparations Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract The majority of the population in the WHO African Region and other developing countries, particularly rural dwellers use plant-based traditional medicines for health care. Most developing countries are endowed with vast resources of medicinal and aromatic plants, which have been used over centuries for the treatment of diseases. The global resurgence of interest in herbal medicines has created a large market for plant derived remediesthat developing countries could exploit to their advantage, provided they could be produced with acceptable quality and safety specifications. This article highlights the current limitations of traditional medicinal productsin the Member States, the essential requirements for the local production of traditional medicines; the status of local production in WHO African Region, approaches to sourcing plant raw materials as well as challenges. Methods for value addition, processing and product improvement for the commercial utilization of medicinal plants are indicated. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11479 Record ID 011479 Publication type Journal article Title Natural products research networks in sub-Saharan Africa Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Addy, Marian Ewurama; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 68-79 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional; Plants, Medicinal; Biological Products Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract Networking is a means of calibrating the quality of work that a group of people is undertaking; fostering international collaboration, pooling of available resources to provide quality training and research in various scientific disciplines and ensuring rapid worldwide dissemination of research information. Several networks involved in research and development of medicinal plants exist in the various sub-regions of the African Region. However, this paper discusses only six such networks of African researchers which share certain common characteristics. These networks aim to foster research on natural products and their sustainable use in human health, and the dissemination of information on research into natural products among others. They also aim to enhance research training capabilities of institutions through national and Regional activities; promote collaboration and research partnerships and mentoring of young researchers in the advancement of natural products research and support the principles of biodiversity conservation. However, these networks have many challenges, mostly financial. A suggestion has been made for the African Network of Drug and Diagnostics Innovation to consider the involvement of other existing networks in its structure for synergizing the efforts to create health products. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11478 Record ID 011478 Publication type Journal article Title Promoting African Medicinal Plants through an African Herbal Pharmacopoeia Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Gurib-Fakim, Ameenah; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 64-67 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional; Plants, Medicinal; Pharmacopoeia; Herbal Medicine Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract Various resolutions adopted by the World Health Assembly and Regional Committee for Africa call upon Member States, among others things, to develop herbal pharmacopoeias and to develop and apply scientific criteria and methods for proof of safety and efficacy of medicinal plant products. However, only few countries have developed national herbal pharmacopoeias; limited plant species that provide medicinal herbs have been scientifically evaluated for their possible medical applications; and the safety and efficacy data are available for even fewer herbs. Without well documented information on the safety, efficacy and phytochemical characteristics of different compounds, it is difficult for external buyers to assess the likely utility or value of some new raw materials and extracts of African origin. In order to address these lacunae, the Association of African Medicinal Plants Standards is developing an African Herbal Pharmacopeia with trading standards which provide information and technical data on some 50 important medicinal plants. The objective of developing the monographs is to ensure that these plants become visible on the world market. The monographs lay emphasis on the quality control issues, dosage, use, efficacy, pharmacology and safety of important Africanmedicinal plants. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11477 Record ID 011477 Publication type Journal article Title Recherche sur la médecine traditionnelle africaine: hypertension Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Diallo, Drissa; Guissou, Innocent Pierre; Haïdara, Mahamane; Tall, Coumbo; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 58-63 Physical description NA Language French Subject Médecine traditionnelle Descriptor Médecine traditionnelle africaine-tendances; Plantes médicinales Hypertension artérielle Descriptor-Geographic Afrique Abstract Les institutions de recherche créées pour développer la médecine traditionnelle encouragées dans ce domaine par l'OMS mènent des activités vers des maladies prioritaires comme le paludisme, le VIH/SIDA, la drépanocytose, le diabète et l'hypertension artérielle. La prise en charge de l'hypertension artérielle par les médicaments conventionnels est très élevée amenant plusieurs patients à s'orienter vers la médecine traditionnelle dont les produits ayant l'innocuité, l'efficacité et la qualité prouvées doivent être utilisés. Différents organes des plantes utilisées par les tradipraticiens ont fait l'objet d'études phytochimiquediurétique, et antihypertensive au Département de Médecine Traditionnelle à Bamako et à l'Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé de Ouagadougou: Cymbopogon giganteus, Gynandropsis gynandra, Portulaca oleracea, Jatropha gossypiifolia et une recette de tradipraticien. L'infusé de Portulaca oleracea à la dose de 37,5 mg/kg avec une excrétion urinaire de 163,10a donné une importante activité diurétique. Une élévation de la pression artérielle provoquée par l'adrénaline à la dose de 75?g/kg a été inhibée par le macéré aqueux de Jatropha gossipiifolia 94,64à la dose de 20mg/kg. Ces travaux viennent en complément des tests de toxicité pour permettre l'évaluation de l'évidence ethnomédicale sur des recettes à base de ces plantes suivie d'autres tests biologiques de formulation galénique et des essais cliniques. Peu de phytomédicaments de la médecine traditionnelle africaine ont obtenu l'autorisation de mise sur le marché à l'exception du Guinex-HTA produit en Guinée. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11476 Record ID 011476 Publication type Journal article Title Promotion de la médecine traditionnelle du Burkina Faso : essai de développement d'un médicament antidrépanocytaire, le FACA Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Nikiema, Jean Baptiste; Ouattara, Badiore; Semde, Rasmane; Djierro, Kadidja; Compaore, Mahamadou; Guissou, Innocent Pierre; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 52-57 Physical description NA Language French Subject Médecine traditionnelle Descriptor Médecine traditionnelle africaine-utilisation; Plantes médicinales Drépanocytose-thérapie; Préparation de médicament Descriptor-Geographic Burkina faso Abstract La recherche et le développement de médicaments antidrépanocytaires est une priorité en Afrique, où vivent la grande majorité des personnes souffrant de drépanocytoses. C'est dans ce sens que le FACA a été développé au Burkina Faso, à partir de la Médecine Traditionnelle et avec le soutien du bureau régional de l'OMS. Les propriétés antifalciformantes, anti-inflammatoires, antipyrétiques et myorelaxantes ont été évaluées. Il en est de même de la toxicité. Les plantes composant le FACA, agissent en synergie contre les principaux symptômes de la crise drépanocytaire. Administré en évaluation clinique, le FACA est bien toléré et réduit de manière significative, la fréquence des crises. Après son autorisation de mise sur le marché, le FACA fait maintenant l'objet d'une production industrielle. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11475 Record ID 011475 Publication type Journal article Title L' introduction de plantes médicinales dans le traitement de l'infection à VIH : une approche réussie au Burkina Faso Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Nikiema, Jean Baptiste; Simpore, Jacques; Sia, Dabogo; Djierro, Kadidja; Guissou, Innocent Pierre; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 47-51 Physical description NA Language French Subject Médecine traditionnelle Descriptor Médecine traditionnelle africaine-utilisation; Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise-thérapie; Plantes médicinales Descriptor-Geographic Burkina faso Abstract La recherche et le développement de médicaments traditionnels anti-VIH/SIDA est un processus complexe qui intègre de nombreux défis. Ce processus comprend les évaluations précliniques et cliniques ainsi que la valorisation industrielle, avec la mise sur le marché de médicaments respectant des normes de qualité, d'innocuité et d'efficacité thérapeutique. Si de nombreuses plantes africaines ont déjà fait l'objet d'évaluations précliniques avec des résultats encourageants, les études cliniques comparatives sont encore insuffisantes. L'espoir est cependant permis, comme nous le montre l'expérience du Burkina Faso, notamment à travers le développement de deux médicaments qui ont franchi aujourd'hui avec succès l'étape d'essai clinique Phase II, et surtout l'identification des plantes médicinales pouvant avoir une interférence négative avec les traitements antirétroviraux. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11474 Record ID 011474 Publication type Journal article Title Collaboration between traditional health practitioners and conventional health practitioners: some country experiences Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Mhame, Paulo Peter; Busia, Kofi; Kasilo, Ossy M. J. Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 40-46 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-manpower; Health Personnel Attitude of Health Personnel Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract Since the early 1970s, the WHO has repeatedly advocated for the recognition of Traditional Health Practitioners (THPs) as Primary Healthcare (PHC) providers and for the integration of traditional medicine in national health systems. Several calls have been made on governments to take responsibility for the health of their people and to formulate national policies, regulations and standards, as part of comprehensive national health programmes to ensure appropriate, safe and effective use of traditional medicine. One of the priorities of the African Regional Strategy on Promoting the Role of TM in Health Systems is promotion of collaboration between practitioners of traditional and conventional medicine. However, despite the health benefits such collaboration could bring to the populations, decades of disregard of traditional medicine practices and products has created mistrust between the two sectors hampering all the efforts being made to promote this potentially useful partnership. This article outlines the strategies that have been adopted by the WHO to ensure the integration of traditional medicine into national health systems, examples of ongoing collaboration between research institutions and THPs based on research and management of patients; and between THPs and conventional health practitioners in HIV/ AIDS prevention and care and HIV/AIDS/STI/tuberculosis programmes; factors that have contributed to sustaining these partnerships as well as mechanisms for strengthening such collaborations. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11473 Record ID 011473 Publication type Journal article Title Clinical Practices of African Traditional Medicine Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Mhame, Paulo Peter; Busia, Kofi; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 32-39 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-methods; Medicine, African Traditional-utilization; Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract In African traditional medicine, the curative, training, promotive and rehabilitative services are referred to as clinical practices. These traditional health care services are provided through tradition and culture prescribed under a particular philosophy, e.g. ubuntu or unhu. Norms, taboos, tradition and culture, which are the cornerstones of clinical practice of traditional medicine, are the major reason for the acceptability of traditional health practitioners in the community they serve. The philosophical clinical care embedded in these traditions, culture and taboos have contributed to making traditional medicine practices acceptable and hence highly demanded by the population. This paper discusses the different traditional health care services, such as curative services, general traditional healthcare, mental healthcare, midwifery, bone setting, rehabilitative and promotional services that increases health awareness and developing positive attitudes and behaviour towards healthier living). Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11472 Record ID 011472 Publication type Journal article Title Regulation of Traditional Medicine in the WHO African Region Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kasilo, Ossy MJ; Trapsida, Jean-Marie Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 25-31 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-legislation and jurisprudence; Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract In many developing countries traditional medicine is still the main source of health care for about 80of the population, because of its cultural acceptability, affordability and accessibility. In the last few years, there has also been an upsurge of interest in the use of traditional medicine in developed countries, where it is usually referred to as complementary and alternative medicine. Owing to countries' efforts to institutionalize traditional medicine in health systems and calls made by the WHO Regional Office for Africa over the last two decades, more than half of the countries in the African Region have developed national policies on traditional medicine and regulation is one of the components of such policies. Eighteen countries have developednational codes of ethics to ensure the safety, efficacy and quality of traditional medicines. However, less than half of the countries are yet to implement these policies and therefore, only a few countries have developed regulations for traditional medicine. Twenty-one countries have developed legal frameworks that provide for accreditation, registration of traditional health practitioners (THPs) and the establishment of a THP Council for regulation of traditional medicine practice and products. Non-regulation of traditional and herbal medicines poses a health risk to the populations. This paper discusses the regulation of traditional medicine practices and products, and highlights the challenges posed by attempts to regulate the sector. It also outlines quality, safety and efficacy assessment; product registration; marketing, distribution and post-marketing surveillance. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11471 Record ID 011471 Publication type Journal article Title Overview of Traditional Medicine in ECOWAS Member States Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Busian, Kofi; Kasilo, Ossy MJ Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 16-24 Physical description NA Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-trends; Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract Traditional medicine has been the main source of healthcare for the vast majority of people in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). It is currently estimated that between 70-80of West Africans use traditional medicine for the management of both communicable and non-communicable diseases. In 2007, the West African Health Organization (WAHO) conducted a situational analysis to assess the level of development of traditional medicine in its member states. The findings showed that although there was strong political will from West African governments for the development of traditional medicine, the disparities in the level of development among the countries were very huge. For instance, it was observed that whist some countries had advanced to the stage where they had established training institutions and had herbal medicines on their essential medicines lists, others had not even developed national traditional medicine policies and legal frameworks, codes of ethics and strategic plans for implementation of national policies. Although all countries have made very good progress in the area of sensitization and popularization of traditional medicine, some others have made good progress in the development of national traditional medicine policies (11 out of 15). However, no country has a health insurance coverage for TM, alternative and complementary medicine. Intellectual property is still a relatively new area and this situation delays the development of frameworks for the protection of traditional knowledge and access to biodiversity in majority of Member States. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11470 Record ID 011470 Publication type Journal article Title An Overview of the Traditional Medicine Situation in the African Region Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kasilo, Ossy M. J.; Trapsida, Jean-Marie; Mwikisa Ngenda, Chris; Lusamba-Dikassa, Paul Samson Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 7-15 Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional-trends; Medicine, African Traditional-utilization; Descriptor-Geographic Africa Abstract WHO estimates that about 80of the population in developing countries depends on traditional medicine for their Primary Health Care (PHC) needs. Traditional medicine and its practitioners were officially recognized by the Alma Ata Declaration in 1978 as important resources for achieving Health for All. Since then, member states and WHO governing bodies have adopted a number of resolutions and declarations on traditional medicine. Notable among these are resolution on "Promoting the role of traditional medicine in health systems: A Strategy for the African Region" adopted by the WHO Regional Committee for Africa in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, in 2000 and the declaration on the Decade of African Traditional Medicine (2001-2010) by the Heads of State and government in Lusaka in 2001. This article will focus on the achievements of countries in the implementation of the priority interventions of the Regional strategy since its adoption in 2000. The article will also cover the challenges countries are facing in implementing the Regional strategy and propose the way forward. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11469 Record ID 011469 Publication type Journal article Title The decade of African traditional medicine : progress so far Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Sambo, Luis Gomes Corporate Author(s) World Health Organization. Bureau régional pour l'Afrique Journal Title African Health Monitor ISSN 2077-6128 Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 14(Special issue) Pages 4-6 Language English Subject Traditional medicine Descriptor Medicine, African Traditional Descriptor-Local Editorial Descriptor-Geographic Africa Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11159 Record ID 011159 Publication type Journal Article Title Strengthening Public Health Laboratories in the WHO African Region: a Critical Need for Disease Control Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Ndihokubwayo, Jean Bosco; Kasolo, Francis; Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Mwenda, Jason Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 47-52 Physical description NA Language English Subject NA Descriptor Laboratories-organization and administration; Laboratories, hospital-supply and distribution; Health Planning Abstract Despite the progress and efforts being made to strengthen laboratory capacities in the Region, challenges remain. The purpose of this document is to raise awareness on the need to strengthen public health laboratory services and propose actions for building national laboratory capacity. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11158 Record ID 011158 Publication type Journal Article Title Problématique de l'accès des populations de la ville de Brazzaville aux combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d'artémisinine Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Trapsida, Jean-Marie; Mankele, R.; Nzébélé, P; Okono, G. Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 40-46 Physical description NA Language French Subject Maladies parasitaires Descriptor Paludisme-thérapie; Antipaludiques Artémisine Association thérapeutique Descriptor-Local Combinaison thérapeutique Descriptor-Geographic Congo Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11157 Record ID 011157 Publication type Journal Article Title Technical Efficiency of Zone Hospitals in Benin Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Kirigia, Joses Muthuri; Mensah, Omer A.; Mwikisa, Chris; Asbu, Eyob Zere; Emrouznejad, Ali; Makoudode, Patrick; Hounnankan, Athanase Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 30-39 Physical description NA Language English Subject Health management and planning Descriptor Hospital Administration-organization and administration; Patients Delivery of health care Efficiency Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11156 Record ID 011156 Publication type Journal Article Title Development of Human Resources for Health in The WHO African Region: Current Situation and Way Forward Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Awases, Magda; Nyoni, Jennifer; Bessaoud, Khaled; Diarra-Nama, Alimata J.; Mwikisa Ngenda, Chris Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 21-29 Physical description NA Language English Subject NA Descriptor Health Personnel-organization and administration; Health manpower Delivery of health care Attitude of health personnel Descriptor-Local Health personnel migration Abstract Human resources for health (HRH) are widely recognised as the most important assets and pillar of any health system. However the African Region is faced with severe shortages of this important human capacity. This has resulted in weak health systems with a limited capacity to achieve their national health goals. The problem is more severe in rural and remote areas where most people typically live in the countries in the African Region. This paper provides information about the efforts and commitments by Member States and the various opportunities created by Regional and global partners, including the progress made. The paper also explores issues and challenges related to the underlying factors of the HRH crisis, such as chronic underinvestment in health systems development in general, and specifically in human resources for health development, migration of skilled health personnel as a result of poor working conditions and remuneration, lack of evidence-based strategic planning, insufficient production of health workers and poor management systems. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11155 Record ID 011155 Publication type Journal Article Title The Ouagadougou Declaration on Primary Health Care and Health Systems in Africa: Achieving better Health for Africa in the New Millennium Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Barry, Saidou Pathé; Somanje, Habib; Kirigia, Joses Muthuri; Nyoni, Jennifer; Bessaoud, Khaled; Trapsida, Jean-Marie; Ndihokubwayo, Jean Bosco; Soumbey-Alley, Edoh William; Nyamwaya, David; Tumusiime, Prosper; Kasilo, Ossy; Diarra-Nama, Alimata J.; Ngenda, Chris Mwikisa; Sambo, Luis Gomes Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 10-21 Physical description NA Language English Subject NA Descriptor Primary health care-organization and administration; Health systems plans Delivery of health care Medical economics Descriptor-Local Ouagadougou Declaration; Africa; Mellenium goal Abstract The Ouagadougou Declaration on Primary Health Care and Health Systems in Africa focuses on nine major priority areas: 1) leadership and governance for health, 2) health services delivery, 3) human resources for health, 4) health financing, 5) health information systems, 6) health technologies, 7) community ownership and participation, 8) partnerships for health development, and 9) research for health. This paper describes a framework constructed for implementing the necessary activities in each of these priority areas, and proposes recommendations for consideration by Member States in the development of their own country frameworks. The frameworkfor implementing activities related to health information and research for health which have been taken into account in the Algiers Framework are discussed separately elsewhere in this issue. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11154 Record ID 011154 Publication type Journal Article Title The background to the Algiers Declaration and the Framework for its Implementation to Improve Health Systems Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Lusamba-Dikassa, Paul-Samson; Kebede, Derege; Sanou, Issa; Asamoah-Odei, Emil; Soumbey-Alley, Edoh William; Ebongue Mbondji, Peter; Zielinski, Chris; Sambo, Luis Gomes Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 6-9 Physical description NA Language English Subject NA Descriptor Health Services Research-organization and administration; Management information systems Delivery of health care Knowledge Descriptor-Local Algiers Declaration Abstract The Algiers Declaration on Narrowing the Knowledge Gap to Improve Africa's Health was adopted during a Conference held in Algiers, Algeria, in June 2008. The Conference, which brought Ministers from the African Region together with researchers, nongovernmental organizations, donors, and the private sector, renewed commitments to narrow the knowledge gap in order to improve health development and health equity in the Region. This paper describes the background to the Algiers Declaration and the Framework for its implementation and their signifi cance in assisting countries' eff orts to strengthen health systems in the Region. Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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Record No. 11153 Record ID 011153 Publication type Journal Article Title The Ouagadougou Declaration and the Challenges of Strengthening Health Systems in the African Region Source of Record WHO Regional Office for Africa, Library, Brazzaville, Congo Author(s) Sambo, Luis Gomes Journal Title African Health Monitor Place of Publication Brazzaville Publisher World Health Organization Date of publication 2010 Volume and n° 12 Pages 4-5 Physical description NA Language English Subject NA Descriptor Health Policy-organization and administration; Delivery of health care Health services accessibility Descriptor-Geographic Africa Electronic Access :  Full Text-1

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