4 result(s) search for keyword(s) 'Mother-Child Relations'    

Guidelines for support to mothers of sexually abused children in North-West province / Gaboipolelwe M. Masilo 

Public ISBD Title : Guidelines for support to mothers of sexually abused children in North-West province Authors: Gaboipolelwe M. Masilo, Author ; Mashudu Davhana-Maselesele, Author Publisher: Durbanville [South Africa] : AOSIS Publishing Publication Date: 2017 Series: CURATIONIS - Journal of the Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa, ISSN 2223-6279 No. 40(1) Pagination: p. 1-9, fig. Layout: Journal Article ISSN (or other code): 2223-6279 Languages : English Keywords: Child Abuse, Sexual - psychology  Mother-Child Relations  Disclosure  Social Support  Guideline [Publication Type]  South Africa Abstract: Background: South Africa is reported to have the highest rate of sexual assault in the world with over 40% of cases occurring among children. Children who are sexually abused have support programmes and policies to assist them in coping, but there are no support programmes for mothers or caretakers. Caretakers need support for themselves and assisting them will incrementally benefit children under their care. Often mothers of these children experience shock, anger, disbelief and suffer secondary trauma such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following their children’s sexual abuse disclosure and yet there are no guidelines for support to these mothers within North-West province (NWP)Objectives: The study seeks to develop guidelines for support to mothers of sexually abused children in NWP.Methods: Concurrent convergence triangulation mixed method design was employed in this study. The population consisted of mothers of sexually abused children (SAC) (n = 17 participants for the qualitative component and n = 180 participants for the quantitative component). A sample of mothers of SAC was purposely selected.Results: The participants indicated significant levels of depression because of lack of support by stakeholders. Guidelines for support to assist mothers cope with their secondary trauma were developed based on the literature review, study findings as well as an ecological model of the impact of sexual assault on women’s mental health. The results also showed extreme PTSD (47.8%), little support (38.8%), not coping (76.1%) and depression (36.1%).Conclusion: The stakeholders should consider a positive approach to support mothers whose children are sexually abused. Link for e-copy: http://www.curationis.org.za/index.php/curationis/article/viewPDFInterstitial/16 [...] Guidelines for support to mothers of sexually abused children in North-West province [] / Gaboipolelwe M. Masilo, Author ; Mashudu Davhana-Maselesele, Author . - Durbanville (South Africa) : AOSIS Publishing, 2017 . - p. 1-9, fig. : Journal Article. - (CURATIONIS - Journal of the Democratic Nursing Organisation of South Africa, ISSN 2223-6279; 40(1)) . ISSN : 2223-6279 Languages : English Keywords: Child Abuse, Sexual - psychology  Mother-Child Relations  Disclosure  Social Support  Guideline [Publication Type]  South Africa Abstract: Background: South Africa is reported to have the highest rate of sexual assault in the world with over 40% of cases occurring among children. Children who are sexually abused have support programmes and policies to assist them in coping, but there are no support programmes for mothers or caretakers. Caretakers need support for themselves and assisting them will incrementally benefit children under their care. Often mothers of these children experience shock, anger, disbelief and suffer secondary trauma such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following their children’s sexual abuse disclosure and yet there are no guidelines for support to these mothers within North-West province (NWP)Objectives: The study seeks to develop guidelines for support to mothers of sexually abused children in NWP.Methods: Concurrent convergence triangulation mixed method design was employed in this study. The population consisted of mothers of sexually abused children (SAC) (n = 17 participants for the qualitative component and n = 180 participants for the quantitative component). A sample of mothers of SAC was purposely selected.Results: The participants indicated significant levels of depression because of lack of support by stakeholders. Guidelines for support to assist mothers cope with their secondary trauma were developed based on the literature review, study findings as well as an ecological model of the impact of sexual assault on women’s mental health. The results also showed extreme PTSD (47.8%), little support (38.8%), not coping (76.1%) and depression (36.1%).Conclusion: The stakeholders should consider a positive approach to support mothers whose children are sexually abused. Link for e-copy: http://www.curationis.org.za/index.php/curationis/article/viewPDFInterstitial/16 [...]

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Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland / J. Breiding Matthew  

Public ISBD Title : Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland Authors: J. Breiding Matthew ; Reza Avid, Author ; Gulaid Jama, Author ; Blanton Curtis, Author ; A. Mercy James, Author ; L. Dahlberg Linda, Author ; Dlamini Nonhlanhla, Author ; Bamrah Sapna, Author Publisher: Switzerland [Geneva] : World Health Organization Publication Date: 2011 Series: Bulletin of the World Health Organization, ISSN 0042-9686 No. 89(3) Pagination: p.203-210, tab. Layout: Journal Article ISSN (or other code): 0042-9686 Languages : English Keywords: Sex Offenses  Child Abuse, Sexual - prevention and control  Child Abuse, Sexual - statistics and numerical data  Mother-Child Relations  Educational Status  Regression Analysis  Swaziland - Mbabane Abstract: Objective:To explore risk factors for sexual violence in childhood in a nationally representative sample of females aged 13 to 24 years in Swaziland. Methods During a household survey respondents were asked to report any experiences of sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The association between childhood sexual violence and several potential demographic and social risk factors was explored through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Findings Participants totalled 1244. Compared with respondents who had been close to their biological mothers as children; those who had not been close to her had higher odds of having experienced sexual violence (crude odds ratio; COR: 1.89; 95CI: 1.14-3.14); as did those who had had no relationship with her at all (COR: 1.93; 95CI: 1.34-2.80). In addition; greater odds of childhood sexual violence were noted among respondents who were not attending school at the time of the survey (COR: 2.26; 95CI: 1.70-3.01); who were emotionally abused as children (COR: 2.04; 95CI: 1.50-2.79); and who knew of another child who had been sexually assaulted (COR: 1.77; 95CI: 1.31-2.40) or was having sex with a teacher (COR: 2.07; 95CI: 1.59-2.69). Childhood sexual violence was positively associated with the number of people the respondent had lived with at any one time (COR: 1.03; 95CI: 1.01-1.06). Conclusion Inadequate supervision or guidance and an unstable environment put girls at risk of sexual violence. Greater educational opportunities and an improved mother-daughter relationship could help prevent it Link for e-copy: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044246/ Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland [] / J. Breiding Matthew ; Reza Avid, Author ; Gulaid Jama, Author ; Blanton Curtis, Author ; A. Mercy James, Author ; L. Dahlberg Linda, Author ; Dlamini Nonhlanhla, Author ; Bamrah Sapna, Author . - Switzerland (20 avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Geneva) : World Health Organization, 2011 . - p.203-210, tab. : Journal Article. - (Bulletin of the World Health Organization, ISSN 0042-9686; 89(3)) . ISSN : 0042-9686 Languages : English Keywords: Sex Offenses  Child Abuse, Sexual - prevention and control  Child Abuse, Sexual - statistics and numerical data  Mother-Child Relations  Educational Status  Regression Analysis  Swaziland - Mbabane Abstract: Objective:To explore risk factors for sexual violence in childhood in a nationally representative sample of females aged 13 to 24 years in Swaziland. Methods During a household survey respondents were asked to report any experiences of sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The association between childhood sexual violence and several potential demographic and social risk factors was explored through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Findings Participants totalled 1244. Compared with respondents who had been close to their biological mothers as children; those who had not been close to her had higher odds of having experienced sexual violence (crude odds ratio; COR: 1.89; 95CI: 1.14-3.14); as did those who had had no relationship with her at all (COR: 1.93; 95CI: 1.34-2.80). In addition; greater odds of childhood sexual violence were noted among respondents who were not attending school at the time of the survey (COR: 2.26; 95CI: 1.70-3.01); who were emotionally abused as children (COR: 2.04; 95CI: 1.50-2.79); and who knew of another child who had been sexually assaulted (COR: 1.77; 95CI: 1.31-2.40) or was having sex with a teacher (COR: 2.07; 95CI: 1.59-2.69). Childhood sexual violence was positively associated with the number of people the respondent had lived with at any one time (COR: 1.03; 95CI: 1.01-1.06). Conclusion Inadequate supervision or guidance and an unstable environment put girls at risk of sexual violence. Greater educational opportunities and an improved mother-daughter relationship could help prevent it Link for e-copy: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044246/

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From Uganda to Baltimore to Alexandra Township: How far can Ainsworth’s theory stretch? / Nicola K. Dawson

Public ISBD Title : From Uganda to Baltimore to Alexandra Township: How far can Ainsworth’s theory stretch? Authors: Nicola K. Dawson, Author Publisher: Pretoria [South Africa] : Health & Medical Publishing Group Publication Date: 2018 Series: South African Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 2078-6786 No. 24 Pagination: p.1-8 Layout: Journal Article ISSN (or other code): 003-8-2469 Languages : English Keywords: Mother-Child Relations  Infant  Uganda  South Africa - Johannesburg Abstract: Introduction: After extensive observation of mother-infant dyads in two diverse contexts, Ainsworth developed the construct of maternal sensitivity to explain the nature of mother-infant interactions that lead to infant attachment security. She believed this construct to be universally applicable. Since Ainsworth’s publications, her theory has been adapted and extended, particularly by theorists working in North American and Western European countries. These developments have been largely uninterrogated in relation to their universal cultural relevance, despite the fact that parenting practices differ greatly across cultural groups. Those who have begun to interrogate the cultural universality of current conceptualisation of maternal sensitivity highlight important areas of cultural disagreement. Method: This article provides a critical theoretical argument regarding the cultural universality of maternal sensitivity, extending comment to the cultural and contextual relevance of developments in its operationalisation. Results: Particular aspects of current theoretical and operational use of the construct of maternal sensitivity that are potentially culturally specific (as opposed to culturally universal) are noted, namely the inclusion of positive affect, the centrality of parent-infant play, verbal responsiveness, the inclusion of learning in parent-infant interactions and the shift towards a more proactive (rather than reactive) role for the parent in parent-infant interactions. Conclusion: This article suggests that the evolution of the concept of maternal sensitivity has failed to account for cultural differences From Uganda to Baltimore to Alexandra Township: How far can Ainsworth’s theory stretch? [] / Nicola K. Dawson, Author . - Pretoria (South Africa) : Health & Medical Publishing Group, 2018 . - p.1-8 : Journal Article. - (South African Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 2078-6786; 24) . ISSN : 003-8-2469 Languages : English Keywords: Mother-Child Relations  Infant  Uganda  South Africa - Johannesburg Abstract: Introduction: After extensive observation of mother-infant dyads in two diverse contexts, Ainsworth developed the construct of maternal sensitivity to explain the nature of mother-infant interactions that lead to infant attachment security. She believed this construct to be universally applicable. Since Ainsworth’s publications, her theory has been adapted and extended, particularly by theorists working in North American and Western European countries. These developments have been largely uninterrogated in relation to their universal cultural relevance, despite the fact that parenting practices differ greatly across cultural groups. Those who have begun to interrogate the cultural universality of current conceptualisation of maternal sensitivity highlight important areas of cultural disagreement. Method: This article provides a critical theoretical argument regarding the cultural universality of maternal sensitivity, extending comment to the cultural and contextual relevance of developments in its operationalisation. Results: Particular aspects of current theoretical and operational use of the construct of maternal sensitivity that are potentially culturally specific (as opposed to culturally universal) are noted, namely the inclusion of positive affect, the centrality of parent-infant play, verbal responsiveness, the inclusion of learning in parent-infant interactions and the shift towards a more proactive (rather than reactive) role for the parent in parent-infant interactions. Conclusion: This article suggests that the evolution of the concept of maternal sensitivity has failed to account for cultural differences

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Level of maternal education and performance of Black, South African infants on the 1996 Griffiths Mental Development Scales / K Cockcroft 

Public ISBD Title : Level of maternal education and performance of Black, South African infants on the 1996 Griffiths Mental Development Scales Authors: K Cockcroft ; Z Amod, Author ; B Soellaart, Author Publisher: Hyderabad [India] : OMICS International Pvt Ltd Publication Date: 2008 Series: African Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 1994-8220 No. 11(1) Uniform Titles: African Journal of Psychiatry Pagination: p.44-50, tab. Layout: Journal Article ISSN (or other code): 1994-8220 General note: Old Name : South African Psychiatry Review Languages : English Keywords: Educational Status  Mother-Child Relations  Child  Social Class  Employment  South African Abstract: Objective: The study compared the performance on the Griffiths Mental Development Scales of Black; South African infants with mothers who had twelve or more years of education and who were professionally employed with infants of mothers with fewer than twelve years of education and who were employed in non-professional jobs. Method: The sample consisted of 40 infants (aged 13-16 months); to whom the Griffiths Mental Development Scales was administered. Results: The infants with professional mothers performed significantly better than their counterparts with non-professional mothers on the General Quotient; as well as on the Locomotor Scale. While maternal level of education did not appear to distinguish between infants in terms of social; fine motor; language; hearing; processing speed or practical reasoning; it did discriminate in terms of gross-motor functioning. Conclusion: It is suggested that; as the infant develops; the skills assessed by the Griffiths Scales; which are initially differentiated; become increasingly interrelated. Consequently; poor gross-motor skills; which may be more likely in infants from a low socio-economic status; may have far-reaching implications. Thus; it is important to consider maternal level of education and the socio-economic status background of the infant; as this may influence overall performance on the Scales Link for e-copy: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajpsy/article/view/30254/62605 Level of maternal education and performance of Black, South African infants on the 1996 Griffiths Mental Development Scales [] / K Cockcroft ; Z Amod, Author ; B Soellaart, Author . - Hyderabad (Building No. 06, 7th Floor North Block Divyasree Nsl Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd Gachibowli, India) : OMICS International Pvt Ltd, 2008 . - p.44-50, tab. : Journal Article. - (African Journal of Psychiatry, ISSN 1994-8220; 11(1)) . ISSN : 1994-8220 Work : African Journal of Psychiatry Old Name : South African Psychiatry Review Languages : English Keywords: Educational Status  Mother-Child Relations  Child  Social Class  Employment  South African Abstract: Objective: The study compared the performance on the Griffiths Mental Development Scales of Black; South African infants with mothers who had twelve or more years of education and who were professionally employed with infants of mothers with fewer than twelve years of education and who were employed in non-professional jobs. Method: The sample consisted of 40 infants (aged 13-16 months); to whom the Griffiths Mental Development Scales was administered. Results: The infants with professional mothers performed significantly better than their counterparts with non-professional mothers on the General Quotient; as well as on the Locomotor Scale. While maternal level of education did not appear to distinguish between infants in terms of social; fine motor; language; hearing; processing speed or practical reasoning; it did discriminate in terms of gross-motor functioning. Conclusion: It is suggested that; as the infant develops; the skills assessed by the Griffiths Scales; which are initially differentiated; become increasingly interrelated. Consequently; poor gross-motor skills; which may be more likely in infants from a low socio-economic status; may have far-reaching implications. Thus; it is important to consider maternal level of education and the socio-economic status background of the infant; as this may influence overall performance on the Scales Link for e-copy: https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajpsy/article/view/30254/62605